CHAPTER 11 



THE HAUNTS OF LIFE 



(The Exploitation of the Earth) 



'Sbe bas &ivl&c5 bcvselt tbat sbe mag be bee own DeUgbt, 

 Sbc causes an en&Iess succession of new capacities tor 

 enjosment to spring up, tbat ber Insatiable sgmpatbB mas 

 be assuageD. . . .' 



'Sbc tosses ber creatures out of nothingness, an& tells 

 tbem not whence tbeg came, nor wbltber tbeg go. Jt Is 

 tbeir business to run, sbe hnows tbc roa&. . . .' 



— Ooethe's Aphorisms, translated by Huxley. 



The Shore Fauna — The Pelagic Fauna — The Abyssal Fauna — ■ 

 The Freshwater Fauna — The Terrestrial Fauna — The Aerial 

 Fauna. 



THERE are six great haunts of life : the shore of 

 the sea, the open sea, the deep sea, the freshwater, 

 the dry land, and the air. And these have their distinctive 

 tenants. For while some types may be represented by 

 very similar forms in more than one haunt, and while some 

 animals pass from one haunt to another, yet on the whole 

 there is distinctiveness in the faunas of the various regions. 

 So we may speak of littoral, pelagic, abyssal, freshwater, 

 terrestrial, and aerial faunas. Besides the great haunts 

 there are minor haunts of much interest — such as caves, 

 and brackish water, and underneath the ground. It must 

 be granted, too, that parasitic animals have explored and 



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