THE HAUNTS OF LIFE 113 



strong evidence to show that the fauna of Lake Tanganjnka 

 includes many molluscs, for instance, which were inhabi- 

 tants of Jurassic seas. It is very striking to find in Lake 

 Tanganyika a Gasteropod like Typhohia Aom— whose 

 kinship is certainly with marine types. 



Several different kinds of freshwater Medusoids [Limno- 

 codium, Limnocnida) are known from various parts of 

 the world, and are probably to be interpreted as relicts of 

 a marine stock. The same may be said of the very simple 

 freshwater polyp, Microhydra ryderi, reported from North 

 America and also from Germany. Like numerous marine 

 hydroids, but unhke the common freshwater Hydra, it 

 liberates a minute swimming-bell or Medusoid. 



It is necessary to distinguish between reHct marine 

 faunas and reUct seas. Thus the remarkable population 

 of Lake Baikal seems to be in part a relict marine fauna, 

 but there is no evidence in the surrounding deposits to 

 show that the Lake was ever anything but a freshwater 

 basin. We must therefore suppose that the marine types 

 in the lake — the seals, for iustance — migrated from an 

 ancient sea, along paths now hidden. 



Thirty-four fishes are known from Lake Baikal, and 

 L. S. Berg divides them into those which are general in 

 Siberian freshwaters (17) and those (also 17) which are 

 endemic. Of the latter some are related to Siberian forms, 

 while others (Abyssocotini, Cottocomephoridae and Come- 

 phoridse) seem quite unique. There are no forms in the 

 Siberian waters, nor in the Arctic Ocean, nor in the Pacific 

 which come near these puzzUng forms which Berg regards 

 as very ancient, and perhaps native (autochthonous) to 

 the Lake. They live at greater depths than any other 

 freshwater fishes, descending to 1,600 metres. 



I 



