APPENDIX. 333 



allowed to be built across their mouths. I suggested the salmon 

 stair as adopted by Mr. Smith of Deanston, near Doune, in 

 Scotland, for his dam — large stones placed at intervals on the 

 sloping face of the dam, enabling the fish to ascend and rest on 

 their progress to their spa^vning beds. Not a salmon "was oaiight 

 above the dam of the Nashwaak when I was in New Brunswick, 

 and where for forty-six miles they used to be in abundance. 



I like to record the names of the tributaries of the St. John's ; 

 the Oromoocto and its lake, where I botanised with my much 

 esteemed friend. Professor Eobb, of Frederickstown ; the Washa- 

 demoac, with its gaspereau and shad fi.sh ; the New Canaan 

 Eiver, where, in the course of an exploration of the province, 

 we came upon a community of industrious and religious settlers; 

 the Nerepis, where there was no dam, and thus the salmon got 

 to the spa-\vning grounds, and the result was a large number 

 barrelled at the mouth of tliis river annually ; the Salmon river, 

 which I navigated witlj an Indian for a considerable distance on 

 a rati: of five logs, .searching for provisions. I asked a rough settler 

 down stream, — " Have you much fish here now? " 



" Do you see that blasted dam there," he said. " A saw mill 

 is there shooting its slabs and saw dust into the stream, choking 

 our fish." 



A grand tributary of the St. John's is the Tobique, fertilising 

 a great tract of country, and doubtless intended for thriving 

 settlements, where there are now gi-een and wavy forests. There 

 was, and may still be, an Indian settlement at the mouth of the 

 Tobique ; there Melicetes killed much salmon with canoe and 

 spear ; the deer, bear, and ruflied grouse also added to their larder. 

 The wolves, which prowled round our camps at the end of 

 summer, supplied warm furs for winter wear and for sleigh 

 robes. 



Salmon are caught in the Aroostook, where I saw lumbering 

 extensively carried on by sturdy fellows in " wide-awakes " 



