CHAPTEE VIII. 

 THE SETTING OUT OF FRUIT PLANTATIONS AND ORCHARDS. 



Setting Out by Maeker. 

 Before planting the land should be sub- 

 soiled, well worked, and levelled by har- 

 rowing and rollinar. 



Fbuit Plantation Marker. 

 (made by Messrs. Gibson, of Eynsford, Kent.) 



Being given a field to set out, choose 

 the straightest and longest side as the 



<&- 



CK- 5' 



^ 



-IT 



-9 



y- 



-5: 



^'r->- 



^*— e 



'^—>: f(—il 



^'—0 ^1 'f— (» ^ 



^i 9- — )r—f: — i( 



i) (y 



-,: 



base line, leaving a headland of, say 10ft. 

 or 15ft., for use as a roadway. Set out 

 this first straight line, placing several 

 intermediate stakes ; from one end of this 

 set out a line at right angles by means of 

 an offset staff, optical square, or with the 

 chain (right-angled triangle, of 30, 40, 

 and 50 links), and erect a tall stake with a 

 flag at the corner. An implement called 

 a " marker " is then used. This machine 

 is used in the same way as, and somewhat 

 resembles, a corn drill or corn horse hoe, 

 but the tines are weighted so as merely to 

 draw lines on the ground; it is drawn by 

 one horse, and guided by a man and boy. 

 The tines, or coulters, are set to the 

 desired width, so that the lines are very 

 perfectly ruled out if a careful man is in 

 charge. Thus, supposing it is desired to 

 mark out for plums at 16Jft. apart, goose- 



^ o 



i-d> 6 T f ft rj) I 



■^ 



■0 



ii 



.. C.H.H. 



iXENTisH Methods of Marking out fruit Puvmtation* 



® Repre:5ent3 Puuvis +Stw>swber.rjes 



^ GOOSEfiERRJES OR CURRANTS 



