118 



BUDDING AND GKAFTING. 



Fig. ii.— Stock cut off and split and 

 cleft held open wiih wedge-shaped 

 end of grafting chisel. 



open ; ana c, a hook by which the tool may be hung on some con- 

 venient branch. 



Cleft grafting is performed as follows: The place selected for 



the insertion of the scion should be where the grain of wood is 



straight. The stock is then cut 



"square" off with a sharp saw 



and is split through its center, 



with the grafting chisel, to a 



depth sufBcient to allow the scion 



to be put in place. The cleft is 



held open by the chisel (Pig. 94) 



until the scion (Fig. 95) is cut 



and inserted, when the wedge is 



withdrawn, allowing the stock to 



close on the scion and so hold it 



in place. If the stock does not 



spring back so as to hold the scion firmly it should be 

 m gn tightly drawn together with a String. The numbers 

 f^^ of scions inserted will depend on the size of the stock. 

 If the stock is not over three-quarters of an inch in 

 diameter one scion is enough to insert, but on larger 

 stocks two may be put in. All the cut surfaces, in- 

 cluding the ends of the scions, should now be covered 

 with wax, as shown in Fig. 99. 



The Scion to be inserted in cleft grafting should 

 be cut wedge-shaped lengthwise, as shown in Fig. 95, 

 and its cross-section should resemble Fig. 96, in which 

 u, shows the outer bark and 6 the inner. Figure 97 

 represents a cross-section through a newly made 

 graft, showing cleft in the stock and two scions in 

 place (note how the edges of the wood come together) . 

 Figure 98 represents the scion and graft as seen in 

 perspective. Figure 99 shows the appearance of the 

 graft when completed and 

 covered with wax. 



Whip Grafting is illus- 

 trated in Fig. 100, in which A 

 represents the stock with a 

 slit at a ; S the scion with a 

 slit at 6 ; the scion and stock 

 put together. When finished 

 all the cut surfaces should be 

 covered with grafting wax, 

 shown in Fig. 99. In this 

 form of grafting it is seldom 



that the inner barks come together on more than one side of scion 



and stock. It is a method that is very quickly performed by one 



accustomed to it, but its use is limited to branches or stems under 



three quarters of an inch m diameter, but for stocks coming within 



Pig. as. 

 S7iov:ing the' 

 scion cut 

 for inser- 

 tion. 



Pig. 96. — Cross-section 

 of wedge-shaped end of 



