136 APPENDIX. 



the Duchess as to be practically the same. The most desirable 

 kind is known as Peterson's Charlamoff, which has fruit more or 

 less conical and a spreading top to the tree. The irui!; of this is 

 milder in quality than the Duchess, and ripens a little latei-. It is 

 of fine quality when picked fully ripe, but soon loses this quality 

 by storing for a few days. The tree is much hardier than Duchess. 



Patten's Greening. — Originated by C. G. Patten, of Iowa. 

 At the annual meeting of the Minnesota Horticultural Society, in 

 1899, it was classed in the list recommended for general planting in 

 Minnesota, and of first degree of hardiness. This is the only 

 American seedling apple admitted to this class. The tree is of ex- 

 ceedingly strong growth and very hardy and productive. The 

 fruit is large, green in color, sub-acid, and flesh rather coarse. Ex- 

 cellent for cooking purposes. Keeps into December. 



Malinda.— A very pretty, conical, almost sweet apple, that 

 keeps easily until late winter. About as hardy as the Wealthy. 

 Rather a tardy bearer on its own roots, but productive w^hen once 

 it commences to bear. It is hardiest and most productive w^hen 

 top-worked on very hardy kinds, such as Transcendant and Vir- 

 ginia crabs and Hibernal. 



Sweet Russett Crab. — A very hardy crab that is highly es- 

 teemed for home use. The fruit ripens in August, and is a very 

 pleasant, sweet apple. Very productive. 



Gideon's No. 6. — A large, deep red crab of good coooking qual- 

 ity that ripens in August and September. Tree hardy and prolific, 

 and well worth a place in the orchard. 



PLUM. 



Prunus Nigra is the name that has been given to a group of 

 plums that have for many years been included under the Pmnus 

 Americana, Some botanists even now refuse to make it a separate 

 species. The characteristics of this group are: dull (not glossy); 

 flat foliage, i. e. , not trough-shaped; early flowering (the flowers 

 often appearing a week before those of the P. Americana). The 

 fruit ripens earlier, and is characterized by a flat, thin stone, while 

 the pits of the P. Americana are much swollen. Examples of this 

 are the Aitkin and Cheney plums. 



Cutting Plum Scions.— In propagating the plum by graft- 

 ing it is generally safest in the case of hardy kinds of native origin 

 not to cut the scions until shortly before they are wanted for use. 

 If plum scions are out in autumn they are liable to be injured dur- 

 ing winter. The wood and bark will often come through the win- 

 ter in good condition, while the buds will become rotten. If they 

 must be cut in autumn and wintered over in the cellar they can 

 probably be kept to best advantage in moist leaves. 



Plums may be worked successfully on sand cherry stocks. 



