THE NEWFOUNDLAND RETRIEVER. 217 
Those which remain worthy of note, are the retriever 
proper, which fetches in the dead or crippled game, having 
had no share in finding him, and the various species of 
hounds, which are employed in the finding, taking, and 
killing of large game such as deer, elk, bear, and, perhaps, 
one or two casual species, not often encountered even in 
the wildest parts of the country, and which may be held 
to belong to hunting, as distinct from shooting, in the 
proper sense of the terms; though, as I have observed 
before, the distinction is much narrowed in America 
between the two sports, owing to the association of the 
shot gun or rifle with the horse and hound. 
In America the retriever proper is used only in one 
part of the country, the vicinity of Chesapeake Bay and 
the rivers of that region, which constitute the shooting 
grounds of the canvas-back. 
In the British isles pointers and setters are not usually 
broke to fetch, as it is supposed to detract from their 
steadiness, and render them likely to break in. For the 
moors, therefore, and for pheasant-shooting in covert, re- 
trievers are employed, especially broken to the purpose, 
which take no notice of live game, make no effort to hunt 
or flush it, but, so soon as it falls—and notice is given to 
them to go on and find—will follow the foot of the identi- 
cal wounded or wing-broken bird, through a preserve 
overflowing with unwounded game of the same species, 
without troubling or disturbing any of them; and will 
ultimately recover and bring him to bag, while the 
sportsman is in pursuit of other vietims, far away with his 
pointers or his beaters. 
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