140 MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY. 



3. Seriatoporida. — Corallum arborescent ; sclerenchyma abundant and 



compact ; tabulae few. 



4. Milleporida.^^otAlixm massive or foliaceous ; septa not numerous ; 



sclerenchyma tabular or cellular. 



II. Perforata. — Septa well developed ; no tabulae ; dissepiments rudi- 



mentary ; sclerenchyma porous. 



5. -EupsammidtB. — Corallum simple or composite j septa well developed 



and lamellar ; columella spongiose. 



6. PoritidcE, — Corallum composed of spongy, reticulated sclerenchyma. 



Septa never lamellar, but consisting wholly of a more or less definite 

 series of trabeculae ; no tabulae. • 



7. Madreporida. — Corallum usually composite ; ccenenchyma abundant 



and spongy ; thecse porous, not distinct from the ccenenchyma ; 

 septa distinct, but slightly perforate. 



III. Aporosa. — Septa well developed, completely lamellar, and primitively 



consisting of six elements ; no tabulae ; sclerenchyma imperforate. 



8. Fungida. — Corallum simple or compound ; thecae ill developed, and 



somewhat porous ; no dissepiments or tabulae ; s_ynapticulae numer- 

 ous. 



9. Aslmidtz. — Corallum simple or compound ; no proper ccenenchyma ; 



numerous dissepiments ; no synapticulte. Corallites well defined, 

 and separated from one another by perfect walls. 



10. Oculinidce. — Corallum composite ; ccenenchyma abundant and com- 

 pact ; dissepiments few in number. Walls of the corallites without 

 perforations, not distinct from the ccenenchyma. 



11. TurbinolidiE. — Corallum usually simple ; no coenenchyma; septawell 

 developed ; no dissepiments, nor synapticulae. 



IV. TuBULOSA. — Septa indicated by mere striae; thecae pyriform; corallites 



sometimes connected by a creeping basal ccenenchyma. 



12. Auloporidce. — This being the only family in the Tubulosa, its charac- 



ters are necessarily the same as those of the division itself. 



B. Order Rugosa. — Characterised by the possession of a sclerodermic 

 corallum, usually with septa and tabulse combined, the former being in 

 multiples of four. The corallites are always distinct, and are never united 

 together by a coenenchyma. The septa are usually incomplete, but are 

 never porous, and never bear synapticulae. The order is divided into the 

 following four families : — 

 Family I. StauridcB. 



Corallum simple or composite ; septa incomplete, united by lamellar 

 dissepiments ; four large primary septa, forming a cross. 

 Family 2. Cyatkaxonidts. 



Corallum simple ; septa complete ; no dissepiments or tabulje; with- 

 out four primary septa. 

 Family 3. Cyathophyllidie. 



Corallum simple or composite ; septa incomplete ; tabulae generally 

 present. 

 Family 4. Cystiphyllida. 



Corallum simple, composed chiefly of a vesicular mass, with but 

 sliglit traces of septa. 



