642 GLOSSARY. 



O-vo-ti-vip'a-eous (Lat. ovum, egg ; vivas, alive ; pario, I produoeV Ap- 

 plied to animals which retain tneir eggs within the body until they are 

 hatched. 



O'vuM (Lat. for an c^^). The germ produced within the ovary, and capable 

 under certain conditions of being developed into a new individual. 



PAcn-Y-DEu'MA-TA (Gr. pachus, thick ; derma, skin). An old Mammalian 

 order constituted by Cuvier for the reception of the Ehinooeros, Hippopota- 

 mus, Elephant, etc. 



PA-LiE-os'-TOL'o-BY (Gt. palaios, ancient J onta, beings; and loffos, discourse). 

 The science of fossil remains or of extmct organized beings. 



Pa-l^-o-zo'ic (Gr. palaios, ancient ; and nos, lifej. Applied to the oldest of 

 the great geological epochs. 



Pal'li-ai. 



Pal-li-o-bbau-ohi-ji^a (Lat. pallium ; and Gr. irar/cMa, gills). An old name 

 for the BmcMopyda, founded upon the belief that the system of tubes in 

 the mantle constituted the gills. 



Pal'h-um (Lat. pallium, a cloak). The mantle of the Mollusca. PalUal: 

 relating to the mantle. Pallial lime or impression 1 the line left in the dead 

 shell by the muscular margin of the mantle. Pallial shell ; a shell whioh 

 is secreted by, or contained within, the mantle, such as the " bone " of the 

 Cuttle-fishes. 



Pal'pi (Lat. palpo, I touch). Processes supposed to he organs of touch, de- 

 veloped from certain of the oral appendages in Insects, Spiders, and Crus- 

 tacea, and from the sides of the mouth in the Acephalous Molluscs. 



Pa-pil'la (Lat. for nipple). A minute soft prominence. 



Pae-a-po'di-a (Gr. para, beside ; podea, feet). The unartioulated lateral loco- 

 motive processes or "foot-tubercles" of many of the Annelida. 



Pa-bi'e-tal (Lat. paries, a wall). Connected with the walls of a cavity or of 

 the body. 



Pa-ri-e-to-splauoh'nio (Lat. paries; Gr. splagchna, viscera). Applied to 

 one of the nervous ganglia of the Mollusca, which supplies the walls of the 

 body and th^ viscera. 



Pae-then-o-ben'e-3is (Gr. partJienos, a virgin : and (tenuis, production). 

 Strictly speaking, confined to the production of new individuals from virgin 

 females by means of ova without the intervention of a male. Sometimes 

 used also to designate a sexual reproduction by gemmation or fission. 



Pat-a-oi'um: (Lat. for the border of a dress). Applied to the expansion of the 

 integument by which Bats, Flying Squirrels, and other animals support 

 themselves in the air. 



Pa-tbl'la (Lat. for the knee-cap or knee-pan). A sesamoid bone devel- 

 o)5ed in the tendon of insertion of the great extensor muscles of the thigh. 



Peo Ti-jfATE (Lat. pecten, a comb). Comb-like ; applied to the gills of certain 

 G-asteropods, hence called Pectiniiranchiata. 



Pec'to-eal (Lat. peat-us, chest). Connected with, or placed upon, the chest. 



Pe'dal (Lat. pes, the foot). Connected with the foot of Mollusca. 



Pbd-i-cel-la Bi-iB (Lat. pedicellus, a louse). Certain singular appendages 

 found in many Echinoderms, attached to the surface of the hodv, and re- 

 sembling a little beak or forceps supported on a stalk. 



Ped'i-ole (Lat. diinin. of pes, the foot). A little stem. 



Ped-i-pal'pi (Lat. pes, foot ; and palpo, I feel). An order of AracTmida 

 comprising the Scorpions, etc. 



Pe-dun'ole ;Lat. pedunmlus, a stem or stalk). In a restricted sense applied 

 to the muscular process by which certain Brachiopods are attached, and to 

 the stem which bears the body (capitulura) in Barnacles. 



Pe-dun'cu-late. Possessing a peduncle. 



Pe-d0n'ou-la-ted. 



Pe-laq'io (Gr.pdagos, sea). Inhabiting the open ocean. 



Pel' VIS (Lat. for basin). Applied, from analogy, to the basal portion of the 

 cup (calyx) of Orinoids. The body arch with which the hind-limbs are 

 connected m Vertebrates. 



