232 KXAMINATION PAPERS. 



49. Give the distinguishing characters of the Sapindaceae, the 

 Bosacese, the Goniferas, and the Iridacese. Name a Canadian plant 

 belonging to each of these orders, and mention any uses made of it 

 or of any part of it. 



60. Define the following terms : tract, scale, involucre, spathe, 

 scape, pedicel, asepalous, monoecious, mouadelphous, perianth, 

 stamen, pistil, pome, thallus, drupe. 



51. Describe briefly the structure, the mode of growth, and the ~ 

 use to the plant of roots. Name an example of a plant with aerial 

 roots. 



52. Name the enveloping and ths essential organs of the flower, 

 and give a morphological comparison of foliage-leaves, floral en- 

 velopes, stamens, and carpels. 



63. Describe briefly the general process of plant-nutrition, and 

 name the essential elements in the food of plants. 



54. Give the chief distinctive characters of the CruoifersE, the 

 LeguminossB, the TJmbellifersB, and the Liliaceae. Name three 

 common examples of each of these families. 



65. Describe the modes by which the fertilization of a flower is 

 accomplished. 



66. Distinguish between " definite " and " indefinite " inflorescence. 

 57. Which are the nutritive and which the reproductive organs 



of plants 1 



Briefly describe the principal ones of each liind. 



68. Describe the structure of a "follicle," a. "siliqua" and a 

 "legume." 



59. When is a-flower said to be "complete," "regular," and 

 " symmetrical 1 " 



60. Fill the accompanying' Floral Schedule with an accurate 

 description of the specimen before you, referring it to its propef 

 order, &c. 



61. Distinguish between (the series): Phanerogams and Crypto- 

 gams. State their divisions and note the distinctions of those of 

 the first Series). 



62. What is the foundation of all vegetable tissue ? and of its 

 elements which is essential for its growth and development ? 



63. Describe the functions of the roots, stems, and foliage-leaves 

 of plants. State the kinds and sources of their nourishment. 

 Mention the changes the nutritive elements undergo in their passage 

 through them and the agencies by which these changes are efEeoted. 



64. Name, describe, and give the functions of the several parts of 

 a typical flower. State which are essential and why. 



65. Give the general characteristics of the Leguminosse, Eosaceis 

 and ConiferEB. 



66. Refer to their botanical orders, genera, etc.: the plum, pear, 

 orange, pumpkin, cucumber, carrot. 



67. Describe the structure and mode of growth of exogenous and 

 endogenous stems, 



