1 

 26 COMMON CANADIAN WILD PLANTS. 



Orukr XII. VIOLA'CEiE. (Violet Family.) 



Herbs, with alternate stipulate leaves. Flowers irregular, 

 the lower of the 5 petals being spurred. Sepals 5, persis- 

 tent. Stamens 5, the anthers more or less coherent, and 

 surrounding the pistil. Fruit a 1-celled pod, splitting into 

 B valves. Seeds in three rows on the walls of theovaiy, 



Syuopsis of ihc Cienera. 

 I. Vi'oln. Sepals auricled at i the base, lower petal distinctly 

 spurred. Stamens only slightly, if at all, coherent ; the 2 lower 

 ones spun-ed. 

 3. So'Iea> Sepals «o< aurieled. Lower petal «accaf« at the base. Sta- 

 ' mens completely united and sheathing the ovary. Plant \-2 feet 

 high. 



1. vroLA., L. Violet. 



" Slemless Violets ; leaves and. scapes all from root-stocks. 



•^ Flowers white. 



1. V. blanda, Willd. (Sweet White V.) Lower petal 

 streaked with purple. ' Leaves round-heart-shaped or reni- 

 forra. Petals beardless. Flower sweet-scented. — Swamps" 

 and wet meadows, in spring. 



Var. renifo'lia. Gray, has leaves imieh larger and more 

 ^pubescent than those of the preceding. — Dry cedar swamps, 

 and ravines in rich woods. 



2. V. lanceola'ta, L. (Lanoe-leav^d V.) Flowers 

 white. Petals beardless. Leaves lanceolate, erect, tapering 

 into a long, ^argined petiole, nearly entire. — ^Damp ground,' 

 mostly eastward. 



3. V. primulsefo'lia, L. (Primbose-lbavjed V.) Flowers 

 white, lateral petals usually somewhat bearded. Leaves 

 ovate or oblong, heart-shaped, or abrupt at the base. — Damp 

 or dry ground ; Atl. Prov. 



.*- -t- Flowers blue or purple. 



4. V. peda'ta, L. (Bird-foot V.) Nearly smooth. Eoot- 

 stock short, thick and erect. Leaves all deeply cut into 3-5 

 segments, the lateral divisions 2-3-parted. Flower about 

 an'inch across ;■ stigma large and not beaked. — N. W. 



