440 



EEVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. 



[part I. 



Black of loral space without any lightening ahove 



it. Frontal black band well marked. Inner 



webs of secondaries (except innermost) pure 



white to shaft, except along rather more than 



terminal half, where the shaft is bordered 



by black. Axillars whitish. Tail feathers 



black to base, except the loose fibres, which 



are grayish. Bill from nostril, .60. Under 



parts without waved lines. White patch on 



wing reaching nearly opposite to end of 1st 



primary. Tarsus about equal to the gape . elegans. 



AhoTe light ash color. Upper tail coverts and forehead 



much lighter than the back, the former somfetimes 



almost white. Sides and breast generally nearly 



pure white. 



Black of loral space with conspicuous hoary 

 margin above it. Inner web of secondaries 

 much- as in C. ludovicianus. Axillars whit- 

 ish. Tail feathers with concealed white 

 patch at bases of all the /eathers. Bill from 

 nostril, about .50. No waved lines beneath. 

 White patch on wing reaching nearly oppo- 

 site to end of 1st primary. Tarsus longer 

 than the gape ...... excubitoroides. 



Collurio Ttorealis. 



Lanius borealis, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. 1, 1807, 90, pi. 1. — Sw. F. B. A. 

 II, 1831, 111.— Add. Syn. 1839, 157.— Is. Birds Am. IV, 1842, 130, 

 pi. 236.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 212.— Max. Cab. Jour. VI, 

 1858, 190 (Upper Missouri).— Jones, Nat. Bermuda, 1857, 51 (Ber- 

 muda). — CoUyrio borealis, Baied, Birds N. Am. 1858, 324. — Cooper 

 & StTCKLEY, P. R. Rep. XII, II, 1860, 188 (Washington Territory). 



Lanius excubitor, Forstek, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, 382 (not of Linsjjds). 

 — WiLsos, I, 1808, 74, pi. V, fig. 1. 



Lanius septentrionali.i, BoN. Syn. If 28, 72 (not of Gjielik, which cannot 

 be identified as an American species). — Is. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 

 1853, 294.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 213.— Mdkkay, Ed. New 

 Phil. Jour. XI, 1859, 223 (H. B. T.). 



Hab. Whole of America north of United States ; in winter south to Wash- 

 ington, St. Louis, Prescotl (Ariz.), and north California. 



(No. 19,545, % , in full spring plumage.) Fourth quill longes' ; 3d and 5th 

 little shorter ; 2d shorter than 6th ; exposed portion of 1st not quite half that 

 of longest. 



Whole upper parts pure clear light ash ; beneath (including axillars) plire 

 white, the breast and upper part of belly waved transversely with obsolete 

 narrow dusky lines (about .15 of an inch apart) ; each feather Imving two 

 or three, which are curved, convex, and thd terminal one some distance from 

 the tip. Bristly feathers covering the nostrils and the feathers along the 



