GOEILLA AND CHIMPANZEE 



arms and chest are of enormous proportions. 1 

 The countenance of the Gorilla is very ugly and 

 repulsive, and the shape of its skull is much 

 farther from that of man than are those of the 

 chimpanzee and orang-utan. Its skin is black, 

 and the hair of full-grown specimens is grizzly 

 gray. 



The Gorilla inhabits only a very small area in 

 West Africa, directly on the equator, between 

 the Gaboon and Congo Rivers, and extending 

 only two hundred miles back from the coast. 

 It is very shy, and so difficult to approach in 

 those dark and tangled forests that very few 

 white men ever have seen one wild. 



One of the most remarkable specimens ever 

 secured was the huge old male killed and photo- 

 graphed by Mr. H. Paschen, a German trader, 

 near Tsonu Town, German Cameroon country, 

 two hundred and forty miles north of the equa- 

 tor, in 1901. This animal, photographed in the 

 flesh, with three natives beside it for compari- 

 son, to show its immense size, was shot in a 

 tree, without difficulty or danger. It measured 

 66 inches in height, its chest, arms and shoul- 

 ders were of gigantic proportions, and its weight 

 was estimated at 500 pounds. Twelve men 

 were required to carry it from the jungle to the 

 village, where it was photographed. 



On account of the sullen, sulky disposition of 

 the Gorilla in captivity, only one of the four or 

 five young specimens that have been brought to 

 Europe has lived longer than about eighteen 

 months. They sulk, often refuse food, will not 

 exercise, and die of indigestion. Up to this 

 date (1903) only one live Gorilla, and that a tiny 

 infant, has ever landed in the United States; 

 and it lived only five days after arrival. Show- 

 men sometimes label a baboon "Gorilla," or 

 "Lion-Slayer," and it is well to remember that 

 the Gorilla has no tail whatever. 



The Chimpanzee 2 is about one-third smaller 

 than the gorilla. Its brain, face, ears and hands 

 are more man-like than those of any other ape, 

 and its large brain and keen mind render it in 

 thought and habit much more man-like than the 



1 The average man of the Anglo-Saxon race is 

 5 feet 6 inches in height and weighs 160 pounds. 



2 Pan troglodytes. Described in most books under 

 the untenable and more unwieldy name of Anthro- 

 popithecus troglodytes. This animal has been de- 

 scribed under nine different generic names, but Pan 

 is the oldest one available and the best. 



gorilla. It is an animal of bright and cheerful 

 disposition, though subject to sudden fits of bad 

 temper, and having a good memory, it is easily 

 taught. Young Chimpanzees are affectionate 

 and child-like, but when large and strong, the 

 males are usually dangerous, and not to be 

 trusted. Some individuals have displayed re- 

 markable intelligence. "Sally," of the London 

 Zoological Gardens, could count correctly up to 

 five, whenever bidden, and hand out the correct 

 number of straws. 



After several years of observation of living 

 Chimpanzees and orang-utans, in daily com- 

 parison, I am convinced that the only substantial 

 psychological differences between the two species 

 are (1) that the temperament of the Chimpanzee 



N. Y. Zoological Park. 

 YOUNG FEMALE CHIMPANZEE. 



is of the nervous type, and its mind is more alert 

 and prompt in action than that of the orang, 

 while on the other hand (2) the temperament 

 of the orang is sanguine, its disposition is more 

 serene, and while its mind may be somewhat 

 less showy on exhibition, its capacity is quite 

 equal to that of the Chimpanzee. The greater 

 quickness of the Chimpanzee, both in thought 

 and action, renders it on the whole the best show 

 animal in public performances. 



Many persons consider the Chimpanzee supe- 

 rior in intelligence to the orang-utan, but thus 

 far the only real difference appears to be that the 



