138 THE HORSE OF MR. VON OSTEN 



sively. The percentage in each case is based upon at 

 least lOO tests. 



Angle: JJ" 3° ^i" 2° l^ 1° 



Distance between the 

 centres of two neigh- 

 boring papers: . 50cm 39cm. 33cm. 26cm. 20cni. 13cm. 



No. of correct inferen- 

 ces : . . . y7% 72% 71% 6&% 66% 6i!{ 



A curious and unexpected change was here noted in 

 the subject, Mr. Kofifka, who, while concentrating his 

 attention to the uttermost, began unawares to develop 

 a new system of expressive movements of the head. 

 When the distance between the sheets was relatively 

 great, he had been in the habit of turning his head and 

 eyes in the direction of the sheet intended, and as the 

 distances became less he had reacted only by a turning 

 of the eyes. But now, as the distances were still further 

 decreased, he began again to react by means of head 

 movements, and these were of exaggerated magnitude, 

 for which he would compensate, as it were, by an eye- 

 movement in the opposite direction. Although the head 

 movements decreased in scope as the distances between 

 the sheets were steadily decreased, they still were always 

 decidedly greater than the eye movements, which I was 

 now normally led to expect and which could be judged 

 without much difficulty. This form of reaction was much 

 more satisfactory as a cue, and therefore it came to pass 

 that, whereas in the preceding series I had made only 60% 

 correct inferences when the angle was i degree, I now 

 found that — the angle remaining the same — 80% of my 

 inferences were correct. (My final judgment I continued 

 to base, as before, upon the position, and not upon the 



