atjthor's abstract of this paper issued Reprinted from The Journal of Compahativb 



BY THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICE, MARCH 20 NEUROLOGY, Vol. 34, No. 2, April, 1922 



THE AUDITORY SENSE OF THE HONEY-BEE 



'^ N. E. McINDOO 



Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. 



TWENTY-SIX FIGURES 



CONTENTS 



Introduction and methods 173 



So-called vocal organs of insects 175 



1. Sound-producing organ of honey-bee 175 



a. Experiments to determine how bees make sounds 175 



h. Morphology of sound-producing organ 176 



2. Sound-producing organs of other insects 179 



So-called auditory organs of insects 180 



Supposed auditory organs of honey-bee 180 



a. Structure of Johnston's organ 180 



6. Structure of pore plates 186 



c. Structure of other antennal organs 189 



d. Structure of tibial cho-rdotonal organs , 190 



e. Structure of tibial ganglion cells 195 



Summary 196 



Literature cited 198 



INTRODUCTION AND METHODS 



Much has been written about the auditory sense of insects, 

 but critics still contend that it has never been demonstrated be- 

 yond a doubt that any insect can really hear. Most students on 

 insect behavior believe that insects can hear, but only Turner and 

 Schwarz ('14) and Turner ('14) seem to have produced good 

 experimental evidence; however, they used only moths in their 

 work. Much less is known about the sound perceptors in insects, 

 and still it is not generally known how insects make sounds which 

 are supposed to be heard by them. 



It is usually believed that insects can hear for the three following 

 reasons: 1) many, have special sound-producing organs; 2) some 

 have so-called auditory organs, and, 3) many of the experimental 

 results obtained indicate that insects can hear. 



173 



A' 



