viii CONTENTS 



Page 



and Tube-Dwellers (e.g. Spirorbis). Trochosphere Larva. Life-History of 

 Polygordius. Direct Development in Earthworms ; their Cocoons - - - 358 



Leeches {Discophora) — Direct Development ; their Cocoons. Nursing of 

 Young in Glossiphonia - - - - - - - - - - -361 



Life-Histories, &c., of Crustaceans (Crvstacea)— Lower Crus/aceans 

 {Entomostracd) — Leaf-footed Crustaceans (Phyllopoda) — Brood-Pouches of 

 Apus and Water-Flea {Daphnia piilex) ; Winter- and Summer-Eggs of the 

 latter. Fork-footed Crustaceans (Copepoda) — Egg-Bags and Brood-Pouches. 

 Barnacles (Cirripedia) — Care of Eggs in Ship-Barnacle {Lepas) and Acorn- 

 Barnacle (Balanics). Mussel-Shrimps (Ostracoda) — Care of Eggs. The 

 Nauplius Larva ; its Relation to the Trochosphere ------ 362 



Higher Crustaceans {Malacostraca) — Mud-Shrimps (Leptostraca) — Direct 

 Development. Sessile-eyed Crustaceans (Arthrostraca) — Sand-Hopper {Gam- 

 marus), Brood-Pouch ; Direct Development. Stalk-eyed Crustaceans (Thora- 

 costraca) — Opossum-Shrimp {Mysis), Brood-Pouch, Direct Development ; Care 

 of Eggs in Lobsters, &c. ; Life-History of the Edible Crab {Cancer paguriis), 

 Zosea Larva, Megalopa Stage ; Life-History of Crayfish {Asfacus fluviatilis) — 

 Direct Development --- --- 365 



Crustacean Dwellings — Crabs, Rock-Lobster {Palinurus); Mantis-Shrimp 

 (5^z«7/<? ?«£z«//j), Alima Larva ; Caddis-Shrimps (Cor(?^//z/Vfe) - - - - 368 



Life-History, &c., of King-Crabs (Xiphosura) — King- Crab {Limulus) and its 



Trilobite Larva ------------- 369 



Life-Histories, &:c., of Primitive Tracheates (Prototracheata) — Peripatus; 



Viviparous Development ; Variations in Amount of Food-Yolk - - - - 370 



Life-Histories, &c., of Centipedes and Millipedes (Myriapoda)— Care of 

 Eggs in the Thirty-Foot {Lithobiiis forjicatus), the Earth Snake-Millipede 

 (Julus terrestris), and Polyzoniuvi Gernianicitin -.--._ 370 



Life-Histories, &c., of Spider-like Anijials (Arachnida) — Scorpions 

 (Scorpionidce). Spiders (Araneids) — Wolf-Spiders {Lycosidce), House-Spiders 

 {Tegenaria), Hedge-Spiders {Agalena), Theridiutn nervosum, Water-Spider 

 {Argyroneta aquatica), Trap-door Spiders {Ctenisidcr) ----- 373 



Life-Histories, &c., of Insects (Insecta)— Varying Degrees of Metamorphosis. 



Length of Life -- 377 



Primitive Wingless Insects {Aptera) — Tassel-tails and Spring-tails - - xn 



Straight-winged Insects {Orthoptera) — Earwig {Forficula atcricularia), Cock- 

 roach {Periplaueta orientalis), Soothsayers {Mantidce), Stick- and Leaf-Insects 

 {Phasmida:), Locusts and Grasshoppers {Acridiidce), Green Grasshoppers 

 {LocustidcE) ; Crickets (Gry ///(/a") — y\.a\^-Q.x\tik&t {Gryllotalpa campestris) - - 377 



Bugs (i%;;«^/f?-a)— Tree-Bugs {Cicadidcr) — Seventeen-Year Cicada {Cicada 

 septendeciui) ; Scale-Insects {Coccidce) ; Aphides or Plant-Lice {Aphidce) — He- 

 terogeny; Care of Eggs in Aquatic Bugs — Halobates, Diplo?tychus, Nepa, 

 Ra?iatra ---..-.-. 380 



Net-winged Insects {Neuroptcra) — Dragon-Flies {Odonata); Caddis-Flies 

 {Phryganeidce) ------------- 383 



