MAMMALS 487 



young of Rodents are either helpless or fairly well developed 

 at birth, in correlation with the particular mode of life. For 

 Insectivores and Bats the former is true, while the latter is the 

 rule for the order now under consideration. The reason is not 

 far to seek, and is thus tersely given by Flower: — " In the great 

 order of Ungulates or Hoofed Mammals, where in the majority 

 of cases defence from foes depends upon fleetness of foot, or 

 upon huge corporeal bulk, the young are born in a very highly- 



rig. 1002. — Brazilian Tapirs {Tapirus Americaniis) and striped Young 



developed condition, and are able almost at once to run by the 

 side of the parent". Swine, with the exception of the Peccaries, 

 produce numerous offspring, but in all other Ungulates the number 

 is limited to one, or at most two. In correlation with this the 

 milk-glands are few in number. They are situated in the region 

 of the groin, as familiarly illustrated by Sheep and other domes- 

 ticated forms. Maternal affection is very strongly developed, 

 nor, as a rule, is the father backward in defending his family. 

 The majority of species are gregarious, and this greatly adds to 

 the possibilities of defence. It will be convenient to consider 

 Odd-toed and Even-toed Ungulates under separate headings. 



Odd-toed Ungulates {Perissodactyld). — The three families of 

 this sub-order include Tapirs, Rhinoceroses, and Horses respec- 



