the growth, as well as of the amount of food eaten each week. Then, in 

 a few weeks, it will be interesting to report on the gain iu weight, how 

 many pounds of grain were eaten, its value, and which cost the most. 

 Will it not be easy to feed the calves the skim milk for a few weeks, 

 weighing or measuring what they drink of it, and then report on the 

 amount of such food a calf needs each day to grow well? Can you not 

 show how much each 100 pounds of skim milk is worth, when fed to 

 calves or pigs? Feed them the milk, weighing what you give daily, and 

 keeping a record of the weights of the pigs or calves. How much grain 

 do some cows eat daily, that make large amounts of milk? Will such a 

 cow give less milk if she is fed less grain ? 



Watering. Few people realize how important it is that farm animals 

 should be watered properly. In wioter they suffer most, from having to 

 drink from icy p'ols or troughs, so that if they get enough to satisfy 

 thirst they are frequently chilled all through. With cold air all about 

 the exterior of the body, and ice-water within, the temperature, of the 

 body is reduced, and then more food (fuel) is required in the furnace to 

 warm up the bndy to the necessary point ajjain. 



Do you thiuk animals prefer warmed water in winter? Mr. Gurler, in 

 his book "American Dairying," tells of a case where some youug heifers 

 jumped into a water trough to get where the water was coming warm 

 from a pipe. He says his cows when given water slightly warmed keep 

 in better condition and give more milk. I have seen cows go to a stream 

 of water flowing along icy shores, and drink, and then stand humped up 

 and shivering as though suffering from ague. They were chilled through. 



A cow will easily drink fifty pounds a day of water at a temperature 

 of 60 degrees, but if at 35 degrees, she will not drink all she needs, and 

 will turn away chilled, yet thirsty. Do you know how a cow looks con- 

 taining fifty pounds of ice- water. 



Teach the necessity of giving the farm stock water that is pure and 

 clean, and which in winter has the chill removed from it. Filthy water 

 usually carries disease germs, and may cause serious sickness. Thou- 

 sands, yes millions, of pigs have died from disease through drinking 

 water that was contaminated with cholera germs. The sheep and pig 

 need as pure water to drink as the horse or cow, and they require plenty 

 of it at all times. 



Would you not be interested to learn something about this important 

 subject? How much will our farm animals drink at a time? A bucket 

 of water on the scales may be weighed before and after drinking. Will 

 more warm water be drunk than cold ? Place a pail of very cold and 

 one of very slightly warm water before the horse on a cold winter day 

 and see which he will drink first. How much water does a sheep drink 

 at a time ? How much water will a horse drink in a week ? Will a 

 horse that is working hard drink more than one standing in the stable ? 



