4l6 APPENDIX. 



become a matter of constitutional provision and of general 

 legislation. The modern legislation also fully recognizes the 

 right of the owner to adequate compensation and provides 

 methods of procedure. 



In the United States the taking of land in invitum and the 

 manner of ascertaining and securing the compensation is pro- 

 vided for in the statutes of each state. This right of eminent 

 domain has been most frequently exercised for the purpose 

 of roads, railroads, canals, bridges, etc., for the reason that, 

 although these uses of land are usually accompanied by 

 profits to individuals, they are primarily to serve a public 

 use. There seems to be no reason why the same right 

 should not be extended in favor of other public utilities, like 

 forests. 



The decision as to the public necessity of its exercise is in 

 the United States, as in England, left to the courts, and the 

 determination of the award for damage to a jury. In Germany 

 these decisions lie with the administration. The exercise of 

 eminent domain for the purpose of securing the protection of 

 forest cover, as practised by European states, is discussed in 

 Chapters X and XI. 



NOTES TO CHAPTER II. 



P. 31. Necessity of Wood Materials. — The necessity of 

 wood for civilization, together with the constant increase in 

 its use as industrial activity increases, is perhaps best illus- 

 trated by the statistics of imports of wood in European coun- 

 tries, which show the most remarkable increase of per capita 

 consumption due to industrial development. 



In Great Britain, a country which supplies itself almost 

 entirely by importation, and hepce uses wood probably least 

 wastefuUy, during the decade 1856-66 the import was 148 

 million cubic feet ; during the following decade it had grown 

 more than 60 per cent, namely, to 244 million feet. During 



