16 MAGNOLIACEiE. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 



pel at maturity opening on the back, from which the 1 or 2 beny-like seeds hang 

 by an extensile thread composed of unrolled spiral vessels. Inner seed-coat 

 bony. — Buds conical, the corerings formed of the successive pairs of stipules, 

 each pair enveloping the leaf next above, which is folded lengthwise, and ap- 

 plied sti-aight against the side of the next stipular sheath, and so on. (Named 

 after Magnol, Professor of Botany at Montpellier in the 17th contuiy.) 

 * Leaves all scattered along the branches : buds silky. 



1. M. glauca, L. (Smali, or Laukel Magnolia. Sweet Bat.) 

 Leaves oblong or oval, obtuse, white beneath ; petals white, rounded-obovate ; cone 

 of fniit small, oblong. — Swamps, from near Cape Ann and New York south- 

 ward, near the coast ; in Pennsylvania as far west as Cumberland Co. June- 

 Aug. — Shrub 4° - 20° high, with thickish leaves, which farther south are ever- 

 green, and sometimes oblong-lanceolate. Flower very fragrant, 2' - 3' broad. 



2. M. acuminuta, L. (Cuotjmbek-tkee.) Leaves oblong, pointed, 

 green and a little pviboscont beneath ; petals glaucous-green tinged with yellow, 

 oblong ; cone of fruit small, cylindrical. — Rich woods, W. New York, Penn., 

 Ohio, and southward. May, June. — Tree 60-90 feet high. Leaves thin, 5'- 

 10' long. Flower 3' broad. Fruit 2' -3' long, when young slightly resembling 

 a small cucumber, whence the conmion name. 



3. M. maci'opliylla, Michx. (Great-leaved Magnolia.) Leaves 

 obovate-oblong, cordate at the narrowed base, pubescent and white beneath ; petals 

 white, with a purple spot inside at the base, ovate ; cone of fruit ovoid, — Bock- 

 castle and Kentucky Bivei's, S. E. Kentucky. Occasionally planted farther 

 north. May, June. — Tree 20° -40° high. Leaves 2^° -3° long. Flower 

 8' - 10' broad when outspread. 



* # Leaves crowded on the summit of the Jioivering branches in an umbrella-like 

 circle ; buds glabrous. 



4. M. Um'bl'ella, Lam. (Umbrella-tkee.) Leaves obovate-lanceolate, 

 pointed at both ends, soon glabrous, petals obovate-oblong. (M. tripetala, L.) 

 — Mountains of Penn. (and W. New York?) to Virginia and Kentucky along 

 the AUeghanios. May. — A small tree. Leaves 1°- 2° long. Flowers white, 

 7' -8' broad. Fruit rose-color, 4'- 5' long, ovoid-oblong. 



5. M. Fraseri, Walt. (Ear-leaved TJMimELLA-TKEE.) Leaves ob- 

 long-obovate or spaiulate, auriculaie at the base, glabrous ; petals obovatc-spatulate, 

 with narrow claws. (M. auriculiita, Lam.) — Virginia and Kentucky along the 

 A.llcghanies, and southward. April, May. — Tree 30° -50° high. Leaves 8'- 

 12' long. Flower (white) and fruit smaller than in the preceding. 



M. cordIta, Michx., the Yellow CucUMnER-TREE, of Georgia, and 

 M. GRANDiFLdRA, L., the Great Laurel Magnolia, of the Southern 

 States (a noble tree, remarkable for its doliciously fragrant flowers, and thick 

 evergreen leaves, which are shining and deep green above and msty-colored be- 

 neath), are the only remaining North American species. The former is hardy 

 as far north as Cambridge. One tree of the latter bears the winter and blos- 

 soms near Philadelphia. The Umbrella-tree attains only a small size in New 

 England, where M. maci-ophylla is precarious. 



