UMBELLIFEKJE. (PAKSLEY FAMILY.) 155 



nialS; with aromatic roots and fruit, 2 -^ 3-tematcly compound leaves, and white 

 flowers. (Named from the country Liguria, where the officinal lavage of the 

 gardens, L, Levisttcum, abounds.) 



1. li. Scdticnm, L. (Scotch Lovjiob.) Very smooth; stem (2° 

 high) nearly simple; leaves 2-temate; leaflet^ rhombic-ovate, coarsely toothed 

 or cut; leaflets of the involucre and iuvolucels linear; calyx-teeth distinct; 

 fiuit narrowly oblong. — Salt marshes, from Ehode Island northward. Aug. — 

 Boot acrid but aromatic. (£u.) 



2. L. actssifdlium, Michx. (Noitdo. Ahoelico.) Smooth; stem 

 (3° - 6° high ) branched above ; the numerous umbels forming a loose and naked 

 somewiiat whorled panicle, the lateral ones mostly barren ; leaves 3-ternate ; leaf- 

 lets broadly ovate, equally serrate, the end ones often 3-parted; calyx-teeth 

 minute; ribs of the short fruit wing-like. — Rich woods, Virginia, Kentucky, 

 and southward along the mountains. July, Aug. — Eoot large, vrith the strong 

 aromatic odor and taste of Angelica. (Michaux's habitat, " Banks of the St. 

 Lawrence,'' is probably a mistake.) 



16. THASPIim, Nutt. Meadow-Paksnip. 



dalyx-teeth obsolete or short. Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat flattish or 

 contracted at tho sides (the cross-section of each seed orbicular and somewhat 

 angled or 5-angnlar) ; the carpels each with 5 sti'ong and equal ribs or wings, 

 tho lateral ones marginal : oil-tabes single in each interval. — Perennial herbs, 

 with 1 - 2-ternately divided leaves (or the root-leaves simple), umbels with no 

 involucre, minute few-leaved involucols, and yellow or sometimes dark-purple 

 flowers. (Name a play upon Thapsia, a genus so called from the island of 

 Thapsus.) — I include in this genus Zizia, Koch, — because what is apparently 

 the same species has tho fruit either ribbed or winged, — and retain the name 

 of Zizia for Z. intogerrima, DO. 



* Stems loosely branched, 2° - 5° high, mostly pubescent on the joints : calyx short but 

 manifest : corolla light yellow : leaves all ternatdy compound. 



1. X. barbinddC) Nutt. Leaves 1- 3-ternate; leaflets ovate or lanee- 

 ovate and acute, mostly with a wedge-shaped base, above deeply cut-serrate, Often 

 2-3-clcft or parted, the terminal one long-stalked (l'-2'long) ; _/r«ji oblong, 

 6 - lO-winged (3" long), some of the dorsal wings often narrow or obsolete. — 

 River-banks, W. New York to Wisconsin, and southward. July. 



2. X. piniiatsfidnm. Branchlets, umbels, &c. roughish-pubenilent ; 

 leaves 1 - 3-temate ; leaflets 1 - 2-pinnatifld, the lobes linear or oblong ; fruit oblong, 

 narrowly 8-10-winged (1^' long), the intervals minutely scabrous. (Zizia pin- 

 natifida, Buckley. Thaspium Waltori, Shuttlew., excl. syn. >Faft.) ■■^Ban-ens 

 of Kentucky (Short), and southward in the mountains. 



* * Stems somewhat branched; the whole plant glabroits : calyx-teeth obscure. 

 3_ X. awreitnij Nutt. Leaves all 1 - 2-temately dii^ded or parted (or rarely ■ 

 some of the root-leaves simple and heart-shaped) ; the divisions or leaflets oblong- 

 lanceolate, vnj sharply cut-serrate, with a wedge-shaped entire base ; flowers deep 

 yellow; fruit oblong-oval, with 10 winged ridges. Moist river-banks, &jp., not 

 rare. June. — Leaves of a rather firm texture. 



