COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 207 



20. BIOE1.6YIA, DC. Ratless Golden-kod. 



Heads 3 - 4-flowered, the flowers all perfect and tubular : rays none. Invo- 

 lucre club-shaped, yellowish ; the rigid somewhat glutinous scales linear, closely 

 imbricated and appressed. Receptacle narrow, with an awl-shaped prolongation 

 in the centre. Achenia somewhat obconical, hairy. Pappus a single row of 

 capillary bristles. — A perpnnial smooth herb; the slender stem (1°- 2° high) 

 simple or branched from the base, naked above, corymbose at the summit, bear- 

 ing small heads in a flattopped corymb. Flowers yellow. Leaves scattered, 

 oblanceolate or linear, 1 - 3-nerved. (Dedicated by De CandoUe to Dr. Jacob 

 Bigekm, author of the Florala Bostoniensis, and of the American Medical 

 Botany.) 



1. B. undata, DC. — Low pine barrens. New Jersey and southward. 

 Sept. 



21. CIIB'S'SOPSIfS, Nutt. Golden ASTEK. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the rays numerous, pistillate. Scales of the 

 involucre linear, imbricated, without herbaceous tips. Receptacle flat. Achenia 

 obovate or lineai'-oblong, flattened, hairy. Pappus of all the flowers double, 

 the outer a set of very short and somewhat chaffy bristles, the inner of elongated 

 capillary bristly. — Chiefly perennial low herbs, woolly or hairy, with rather 

 large often corymbose heads terminating the branches. Disk and ray-flowers 

 yellow. (Name composed of \pv(r6s, gold, and o-^is, aspect, from the golden 

 blossoms.) 



* Leaves narrowly lanceolate or linear : achenia linear. 



1. C. gramiiiifolia, Nutt. Sitoer^-siYAy with long close-pressed hairs; 

 stem slender, naked above, the few heads closely corymbcd ; leaves lanceolate or 

 linear, elongated, grass-like, nerved, shining, entire. — Dry sandy soil, Delaware to 

 Virginia, and southward. July - Oct. 



2. C falckta, EU. Stems (4' -10' high) very woolly; leaves crowded, 

 linear, rigid, about 3-nerved, entire, somewhat recurved or scythe-shaped, hairy, or 

 smooth when old, sessile ; heads (small) corymbcd. — Dry sandy soil on the 

 coast, pine ban-ens of New Jersey to Nantucket, Massachusetts. Aug. 



* # Leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or slightly serrate, mostly sessile, veined, not 

 nerved; achenia obovate, flattened. 



3. C. gossypilta, Nutt. Densely viootty all over; leaves oblong, obtuse, 

 (l'-2' long); heads larger than in the next. — Pine barrens, Virginia and 

 southward. Aug. - Oct. 



4. C. Mariana, Nutt. Silky with long and weak hairs, or when old 

 smoothish; leaves oblong ; heads coi-ymbed, on glandular peduncles. — Dry bar- 

 rens, from Now York southward, near the coast. Aug. - Oct. 



5. C Villosa, Nutt. Sirsiite and villous-pubescent ; stem coiymbosely 

 branched the branches terminated by single short-pedoncled heads ; leaves nar- 

 rowlu oblong, hoary with rough pubescence (as also the involucre), bristly-cUiata 

 toward the base.— Dry plains and prairies, "Wisconsin to Kentucky, and wesl> 

 ward. July - Sept. 



