294 scKOPHULAKiACE^. (figwokt family.) 



20. CASTIliIitllA, Mutis. Painted-Cup. 



Calyx tubular, flattened, cleft at the summit on the anterior, and usually on 

 the posterior side also ; the divisions entire or 2-lobed. Tube of the corolla in- 

 eluded in the calyx ; -upper lip long and narrow, arched and keeled, flattened 

 laterally, enclosing the 4 unequal stamens ; the lower short, 3-lobed. Anther- 

 cells oblong-linear, unequal, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. 

 Pod many-seeded. — Herbs (parasitic on roots), with alternate entire or cut- 

 lobed leaves ; the floral ones dilated, colored, and usually more showy than the 

 pale yellow or piurplish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to CastiUejo, a Spanish 

 botanist.) 



1. C. coccinea, Spreng. (Scarlet PAiNTED-Cnp.) Hairy; stem 

 simple ; root-leaves clustered ; those of the stem lanceolate, mostly incised ; the 

 floral 3-cleft, bright scarlet towards the summit ; ccUyx almost equally 2<left, the 

 lobes nearly entire, about the length of the greenish-yellow corolla. (1) © 

 (Euchroma coccinea, Nutt. ) — Low grounds ; not uncommon. May- July. — 

 A variety is occasionally found with the bracts dull yellow instead of scarlet. 



2. C. septentrionalis, Lindl. (Mountain Painted-Cdp.) Smooth 

 or sparingly haiiy ; leaves lanceolate, often incised ; the floral oblong or obo- 

 vate, incised or toothed, whitish, rarely tinged with purple ; calyx cleft more deeply 

 in front, the divisions 2-cleJi, the ovate-oblong lobes mostly shorter than the whit- 

 ish corolla; lower lip of the corolla very short. IJ. (Bartsia pallida, Bigel.) — 

 Alpine region of the "White Mountains, New Hampshire, and Green Mountains, 

 Vermont; also northward. August. (Eu.) 



3. C. sessiliflora, Pursh. Hairy, low (6' -9' high); leaves mostly 3- 

 cleft, with narrow diverging lobes; the floral broader and scarcely colored: spike 

 many -flowered, crowded ; calyx deeper cleft in front, the divisions 2-clefi, shorter 

 than the tube of the long and narrow greenish-yellow corolla ; which has the 

 lobes of the lower lip slender, pointed, half the length of the upper. — Prairies, 

 "Wisconsin (Lapham) and westward. — Corolla 2' long. 



21. SCHWAliBEA, Gronov. Chaff-seed. 



Calyx oblique, tubular, 10-12-ribbed, 5-toothed: the posterior tooth much 

 smallest, the 2 anterior united much higher than the others. Upper lip of the 

 corolla arched, oblong, entire; the lower rather shorter, erect, 2-plaiied, with 3 

 very short and broad obtuse lobes. Stamens 4, included in the upper lip : an- 

 ther-cells equal and parallel, obscurely pointed at the base. Pod ovate, many- 

 seeded. Seeds linear, with a loose chafi^-like coat. — A perennial minutely pu- 

 bescent upright herb, with leafy simple stems, terminated by a loose spike of 

 rather large dull purplish-yellow flowers ; the leaves alternate, sessile, 3-nerved, 

 entire, ovate or oblong, the upper gradua,Uy reduced into narrow bracts. Pedi- 

 cels very short, with 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated to C. G. Schwalbe, 

 an obscure Dutch botanist.) 



1. S. Americana, L. — Wet sandy soil, from Sandwich, Massachusetts, 

 and New Jersey, southward, neai' the coast : rare. May - July. — Plant 1 ° - 2" 

 high. 



