ORTiCACE^. (nettle familt.) 395 



axis of albumen. — Herbs (or in the tropies often shrubs or trees), with s 

 watery (innocuous) juice, a tough fibrous bark, and opposite or alternate 

 leaves : many are armed with stinging hairs. 



* Calyx of the fertile flowers of 2 - 4 separate or nearly separate sepals. 

 •4- Plant beset with stinging bijbitles. 

 6 URTICA. Sepals 1 in both sterile and fertile flowers. Achenimn straight and erect, en- 

 closed by the 2 Inner and larger sepals. Stigma capitate-tufted. Leaves opposite. 



6. LAPOKTEA. Sepals 5 in the sterile flowers, 4 in the fertile, or apparently only 2, the two 



exterior mipute aud obscure Achenimn very oblique and bent down, nearly naked. 

 Stigma lon^ and awl-shaped Leaves alternate. 



s- .*" Plant wholly destitute of stinging Iiairs. 



7. PILEA. Sepals 3 or 4, those of the fertile flowers all or all but one small. Aohenium 



partly naked, straight and erect. Stigma pencil-tufted. Leaves opposite. 

 * » Calyx of the fertile flowers tubular or cup-shaped, enclosing the aehenium. 



8. BCEHMEEIA. Flowers moncecious, glomerate, the clusters spiked, not involucrate. Style 



long and thread-shaped, stigmatic down one side. 



9. PAlllETARlA. Flowers polygamous, in involucrate-bracted clusters. Stigma tufted. 



Suborder IV. CANNABINE^. The Hemp Family. 



Flowers dioecious; the sterile racemed or panieled ; the fertile in clus- 

 ter or catkins. Filaments short, not inflexed in the bud. Fertile calyx 

 of one sepal, embracing the ovary. Stigmas 2, elongated. Ovary 1-ceIled, 

 with an erect orthotropous ovule, forming a glandular aohenium in fruit. 

 Seed with no albumen. Embryo coiled or bent. — Herbs with a watery 

 juice and mostly opposite lobed or divided leaves, a fibrous inner bark, &c. 

 (yielding bitter and narcotic products). 



10. CANNABIS. Fertile flowers spiked-clustered. Anthers drooping. Leaves 5 - 7-divided. 

 IL nUMULUS Fertile flowers in a short spike forming a membranaceous catkin in fruit. 

 Anthers erect. Leaves 3 -5-Iobed. 



Suborder I. Vl.MJiCEM. The Elm Family. 



1. 1JI.WIUS, L. Elm. 



Calyx bell-shaped, 4 - 9-cleft. Stamens 4-9, with long and slender filaments. 

 Ovary flat, 2-celled, with a single anatropous ovule suspended from the summit 

 of oaoli cell: styles 2, short, diverging, stigmatic all along the inner edge. 

 Fi-uit (by obliteration) a 1-celled and 1 -seeded membranaceous samara, winged 

 all around. Albumen none : embryo straight ; the cotyledons large. — Flowers 

 perfect or polygamous, purplish or yellowish, in lateral clusters, in our species 

 preceding the leaves, which are strongly straight-veined, short-petioled, and 

 oblique or unequally somewhat heart-shaped at the base. Stipules small, cadu- 

 cous. (The classical Latin name.) 

 * Flowers appealing nearly sessile : ^fruii orbicular j not ciliate : leaves very ivugk abore, 



1. U. fulva, Mich. (Slippery or Red Elm.) Buds before expansion 

 Koft-downy with rusty hairs (large) ; leaves ovate-oblong, taper-pointed, doubly 

 serrate (4' -8' long, sweet-scented in drying), soft-downy underneath or slightly 



