424 CONIPEK^. (pine family.) 



Suborder H. crPRESSINEiE. The Cypress Family. 



4. THUJA, Toum. Arbor Yitx. 



Mowers moncecious on different branches, in very small terminal ovoid catkins. 

 Stamens with a scale-like filament or connective, bearing 4 anther-cells. Fertile 

 catkins of few imbricated scales, fixed by the base, each beaiing 2 erect ovules, 

 dry and spreading at maturity. Cotyledons 2. — Small evergreen trees, with 

 very flat 2-ranked spray, on which the small and appressed persistent leaves are 

 closely imbricated ; these are of two sorts, on diflferent or successive branchlots ; 

 tlie one awl-shaped ; the other scale-like, blunt, short, and adnate. (&uia, Bva, 

 or euei'a, the ancient name of some resin-bearing evergreen. ) 



1. T. occidentalis, L. (American Arbor Vit^.) Leaves ap- 

 pressod-imbricatod in 4 rows on the 2-edged branclilets ; scales of the cones 

 pointless ; seeds broadly winged all round. — Swamps and cool rocky banks, 

 N. New England to Penn. and Wisconsin; chiefly northward, where it forms 

 extensive " cedai'-swamps," and is called White Cedar : rare southward along 

 the Alleghanies. — Tree 20° - 50° high, straight, with recurved branches, yield- 

 ing a pungent aromatic oil : wood light, but exceedingly durable. 



5. CUPRESSUS, Toum. Cypress. 



Flowers raonojcious on diflferent branches, in terminal small catkins. Sterile 

 catkins composed of shield-shaped scale-like filaments bearing 2-4 anther-cells 

 under the lower margin. Fertile catkins globular, of shield-shaped scales in 4 

 ranks, bearing several erect bottle-shaped ovules. Cone globular, firmly closed, 

 but opening at maturity ; the scales thick and woody, pointed or bossed in the 

 middle ; the few or several narrowly-winged seeds attached to their contracted 

 base or stalk. Cotyledons 2 or 3. — Strong-scented evergreen trees, with very 

 small and scale-like closely appressed-imbricated leaves, and exceedingly dura- 

 ble wood. (The classical name. ) 



1. C. tbyoides. L. (White Cedar.) Leaves minute, ovate, with a 

 small gland on the back, closely imbricated in 4 rows on the 2-edgcd branchlets ; 

 anther-cells 2 under each scale. — Swamps, E. Massachusetts to Ohio, Virginia, 

 and southward. May. — Tree 30° - 70° high ; the wood and fibrous shreddy 

 bark, as well as the foliage, much like the Arbor Vita; ; but the spray more 

 slender, the leaves finer and dull glaucous-green. Cone scarcely larger than a 

 pea, few-seeded. 



6. TAXODIUM, Richard. Bald Cypress. 



Flowers monoecious on the same branches. Sterile catkins spiked-panicled, 

 of few stamens : filaments scale-like, shield-shaped, bearing 2-5 anther-cells. 

 Fertile catkins ovoid, in small clusters, scaly, with 2 ovules at the base of each 

 scale. Cone globular, closed, composed of very thick and angular somewhat 

 shield-shaped scales, bearing 2 angled seeds at ihdr base. Cotyledons 6-9. — 

 Trees with linear 2-ranked light and deciduous leaves. (Name compounded of 

 Ta^os, the Ynv, and flSos, resenihlanee.) 



