MELANTHACE-«. (COLCHICTIM FAMILY.) 473 



• Anthers heart-shaped or kiclney>flhaped, confluently 1-celled, shield-shaped after openiBg : 



pod S-homed, septlcidal ; seeds flat, membraDaceous-margiiied. 



■*^ Sepals glandular on the inside near the bs^e 



4 MELANTIIIUM. Flowers polygamous. Sepals entirely free from the ovary, their long 



claws bearing the stamens. 

 6. ZYGADBNU8. Flowers perfect. Sepals nearly free or coherent with the base of the ovary : 

 stamens sep&rate, 



•*- ■*- Sepals destitute of glands, not clawed. 



6. STENANTHTUM. Perianth below coherent with the base of the ovary ; the sepals lanceo- 



late, pointed, longer than the stamens. Bacemes compound-panicled. 



7. VERATRUM Perianth entirely free ; the obovate or oblong sepals longer than the sta- 



mens Flowers panicled, polygamous. 

 8 AMIANTHrUM. Perianth free, the oval or obovate sepals shorter than the stamen-s. 

 Flowers racemed, perfect. 



* * Anthers 2-celled : pod loculicidal. Flowers racemed or spiked. 

 9. XEROPHYLLUM. Flowers perfect. CeUs of the giobose-3-lobed pod 2-seeded, lieavea 

 rush-like. Seeds 2 in each cell. 



10. HELONIAS. Flowers perfect. Cells of the globose-3-lobed pod many-seeded. Iieares 



lanceohtte. Sc^pe naked. Seeds numerous. 



11. CHAM.a:LIRIUM. Flowers dioecious. Pod oblong, many-seeded. Stem leafy. 



1» * * Anthers 2-celled, innate or introrse : pod septicidal. 



12. TOFIELDIA. Flowers perfect, spiked or racemed. Leaves equitant. 



Suborder I. VTVliARliiX. The Bbllwort Family. 



1. UVUI.ARIA, L. Bellwort. 



Perianth nearly bell-shaped, lily-like ; the sepals spatulate-lanceolate, with a 

 honey-bearing groove or pit at the erect contracted base, much longer than the 

 stamens, which barely adhere to their base. Anthers long and linear, adnate : 

 filaments short. Style deeply 3-cleft ; the divisions stigmatic along the inner 

 side. Pod triangular or 3-lobed, 3-valved from the top. Seeds few in each 

 cell, obovoid, with a tumid or fungous rhaphe. — Kootstock short or creeping. 

 Flowers pale yellow, nodding, solitary or rafely in pairs, on terminal peduncles 

 which become lateral by the growth of the branches. (Name " from the flowers 

 hanging like the uvula, or palate.") 

 * Leaves dasping-perfoliate : sepals acute : pod cbovate-truncate, 3-lobed at the top. 



1. U. grandifldra, Smith. (Laege-flowered Bellwokt.) Leaves 

 oblong or elliptical-ovate, pale and obscurely pubescent underneath; sepals 

 smooth unthin; anthers blunt-pointed; lobes of the pod with convex sides. — Rich 

 woods, Vermont to Ohio, Wisconsin, and northward. May, June. — Flowers 

 pale greenish-yellow, Ij' long. 



2. U. perfoliata, L. (Smaller Bellwort.) Leaves ovate or ob- 

 long-lanceolate, smooth, glaucous underneath ; sepals granular-roughened inside ; 

 anthers conspicuoush) pointed; lobes of the pod with concave sides. — Moist 

 copses ; common eastward and southward. May. — Smaller than No. 1 : 

 flowers pale yellow, |' to 1' long. 



* # Leaves sessile : sepals rather obtuse : pod ovoid-triangiUar, sharp-angled. 



3. U. sessilifolia, L. (Sessile-leaved Bellwort.) Smooth ; luavca 

 oval or lanceolate-oblong, pale, glaucous underneath ; styles united to the raid? 



40* 



