483 ERIOCAULONACE^. (PIPEWORT FAMILY.) 



- 7 long) ; lateral sepals obscurely lacerate-fritiged above on the winged heel, rather 

 shorter than the bract. (X. Jupacai, partly, Michx. X. anceps, Muhl.) — Sandy- 

 swamps, &c., Rhode Island to Virginia and southward, near the coast. Aug. 



— Scape l°-2° high: leaves l"-4" wide. Petals pretty large, the claws turn- 

 ing brownish. 



3. X. fiinbriata, Ell. Scape somewhat angled (2° high), rather longer 

 than the linear-sword-shaped leaves ; head oblong (§' long) ; laleral seimls lance- 

 olate-linear, nearly tidce the length of the bract, above conspicuously fringed on ike 

 wing-margined keel, and even plumose at the summit. — Pino baiTcns of New Jersey, 

 Virginia, and southward. 



Ordek 132. ERIOCAULONACEiE. (Pipewort Family.) 



Aquatic or marsh herbs., stemless or short-stemmed, mth a tuft of fibrous 

 roots, and a cluster of linear often loosely cellular grass-like leaves, and naked 

 scapes sheathed at the base, bearing dense heads of monoecious or rarely dios- 

 cious smtdl 2 - Z-jnerous figwers, each in the axil of a scaiious bract ; the 

 perianth double or rarely simple, chaffy ; anthers inirorse ; the fruit a 2 - 3- 

 celled 2 - S-seeded pod : the ovules, seeds, embryo, &c. as in the j^receding 

 order. — Chiefly tropical plants, a few in northern temperate regions. 



Synopsis. 



1. ERIOCAITLON, Perianth double, the inner (corolla) tubular-fnnnel-form in the Btamiuate 



flowers ; the stamena twice a^ many aa its lobes (4 or 6). Anthers 2-celled 



2. P^PALANTHUS. Perianth as in the last : the stamens only as many as the lobes of the 



inner series, or corolla (3). Anthers 2-cell6d. 

 8. LACHNOCAULON. Perianth simple, of 3 sepals. Stamens 3, monadelphous below. An- 

 thers 1-celled. 



1. ERIOCAlJL,ON, L. PipEwoKT. 



Flowers monoecious and androgynous, i. b. both kinds in the same head, either 

 intermixed, or the central ones sterile and the exterior fertile, rarely dioecious. 

 Ster. Fl. Calyx of 2 or 3 keeled or boat-shaped sepals, usually spatulate or 

 dilated upwards. Corolla tubular, 2-3-lobed, each of the lobes bearing a black 

 gland or spot. Stamens twice as many as the lobes of the coi'olla, one inserted 

 at the base of each lobe and one in each sinus ; anthers 2-cellod. Pistils rudi- 

 mentary. Fert. Fl. C.ilyx as in the sterile flowers, often remote from the rest 

 of the flower (therefore perhaps to be viewed as a pair of bractlets). Corolla of 

 2 or 3 separate narrow petals. Stamens none. Ovary often stalked, 2-3- 

 lobed, 2 - 3-celled, with a single ovule in each cell : style 1 ; stigmas 2 or 3, 

 slender. Pod membranaceous, loculicidal. — Leaves mostly smooth, loosely 

 cellular and pellucid. Scapes or peduncles terminated by a single head, which is 

 involucrate by some outer empty bracts. Plowors, also the tips of the bracts, 

 &c., usually bearded or woolly. (Name compounded of ipmv, wool, and KauXds, 

 a stalk, from the wool at the base of the scape and leaves of the original species. 

 Excepting (his and tlie flowers, our species are wholly glabrous.) — The North 



