494 CYPEEAGE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 



16. C. Ora.yii, Tore. Culm thread-form, wiry (6'-12Mngh) ; Uavesnmrly 

 bristles/taped, channelled; lunbel simple, i-G-rayed; spikes 5-10 in u loose head, 

 spreading, .5 - 7-floweredj the joints of the axis winged; scales rather obtuse, green- 

 ish-chestnut-color ; achenium obovate, minutely pointed. — Barren sandy soil, 

 Rhode Island to New Jersey, near the coast. Aug. (Approaches the next.) 



17. C. filiculmis, Vahl. Culm slender, wiry, often reclined (8' -15' 

 high ) ; leaves linear ( 1 " - 2" wide) ; spikes numerous and clustered in one sessile dense 

 head, or in I -3 additional looser heads on spreading rays, 6-10-flowered ; joints of 

 the axis naked ; scales blunt, greenish ; achenium obovate, short-pointed. ( C. ma- 

 riscoidcs. Ell.) — Dry sterile soil; common, especially southward. Aug. 



§4. MARISCUS, "Vahl. — Style 3-clefi: the achenium triangular: stamens 3: 

 spikes 1 -feW'Jiowered, scarcely flattened ; t/ie 2 lower scales short and empty : oth- 

 erwise as in § 3. 



18. C. ovularis, Torr. Smooth; culm sharplytriangular (6'-12' high) ; 

 umbel 1 - 6-rayed ; spikes in globular dense heads, 2 - 4-flowered, short and thick : 

 joints of the axis winged ; scales ovate, blunt, greenish ; acheniam obovoid. 1). 

 (Kyllingia, Michx. ) — Sandy soil, S. New York to Virginia, and southward. 

 Aug. - Oct. . — Heads barely J' in diameter, of 50-100 spilces. 



19. C. retrofrfictllS, Torr. Culm mmufe/y (foiore/ like the leaves, rough 

 on the obtusish angles tl°-3°high); umbel many-rayed; spikes slender, awl- 

 snaped, very numerous in obovate or oblong heads terminating the elongated 

 rays, soon reflexed, 1 - 2-Jlowered in the middle ; scales usually 4 or 5, the two 

 lowest ovate and empty, the fertile lanceolate, the uppermost involute-awl-shaped ; 

 achenium linear. 1|. (Scirpus retrofractus, i.) — Sandy fields, New Jersey to 

 Virginia, and southward. Aug. — Spikes J' long, 50-100 in a head, greenish. 



2. KYIililNGIA, L. Kyllingia. 



Spikes of 3-4 two-ranked scales, 1 -Ij-flowered; the 2 lower scales minute 

 and empty, as in Cyperus § 4 ; otherwise as in Cyperus § 1 (viz. style 2-clcft ; 

 achenium lenticular) : but the numerous spikes densely aggregated in solitary 

 or triple sessile heads. Involucre about 3-leaved. (Named after Kylling, a 

 Danish botanist.) 



1. K. plimila, Michx. Head globular or 3-lobed, whitish-green (4" 

 broad); spikes strictly 1-flowered; upper scales ovate, pointed, rough on the 

 keel ; stamens 2 ; leaves linear. — Low grounds, Ohio to Illinois, and southward. 

 Aug. — Culms 2' - 9' high. 



3. l>TJL,tCHIUOT, Richard. Dulichium. 



Spikes many- (6 - 10-) flowered, linear, flattened, sessile in 2 ranks on axillary 

 solitary peduncles emerging from the sheaths of the leaves. Scales 2-ranked, 

 lanceolate. Perianth of 6-9 downwardly barbed bristles. Stamens 3. Style 

 2-cleft above. Achenium flattened, linear-oblong, beaked with the long persist- 

 ent style. — A perennial herb, with a terete simple culm (l°-2° high), jointed 

 and leafy to the summit; the leaves short and flat, linear, 3-ranked. (The name 

 of a Greek island ; its application unexplained.) 



