514 CYPERACE^. (sedge family.) 



pressed leaves; spikes aggregated into an omid head; perigynia ovate, «. little 

 longer than the scale. — Cold peat-bogs, New York to "Wisconsin, and north- 

 ward. (Eu.) 



28. C. tciiella, Schk. Spikes 2-i, very small, remote, with commonly 2 

 fertile flowers ; perigynia ovate, twice as long as the scale. (C. loliacea, Schk. 

 supp., not of L. C. disperma. Dew. C. gracilis, ed. 1, not of Ehrh.) — Cold 

 Bwamps, New England to Penn., Wisconsin, and northward. — A slender spe- 

 cies, 6'- 12' high, with long grassy leaves, growing in tufts. (Eu.) 



§ 3. Spikes pistillate above, staminate at the base. 

 * Spikes roundish-ovoid, rather small, more or less distant on the zigzag axis (closely 

 aggregated in No. 30) : perigynia plano-convex, smooth, pale green, becoming 

 whitish or silvery : scales white and membranaceous ; the bracts resembling 

 them, or prolonged and bristle-shaped. — Canescentes. 

 +- Perigynia somewhat thickened and leathery, distinctly nerved, with a smooth or mi- 

 nutely serrulate shwt point, entire or slightly notched at the apex. 



29. C. trispernia, Dew. Spikes 2-3, very small, with about 3 fertile 

 flowers, remote, the lowest with a long bract ; perigynia oblong, with numerous 

 slender nerves, longer than the scale. — Cold swamps and woods, especially on 

 mountains. New England to Pennsylvania, Michigan, and northward. — Re- 

 sembling the last, but with larger spikes and fruit, and weak spreading culms, 

 l°-2° long. 



30. C tcnuifldra, Wahl. Spikes 3, fewflowered, closely approximated; 

 perigynia ovate-oblong, about the length of the broadly ovate scale. — Cold swamps, 

 N. New England to Wisconsin, and northward. (Eu.) 



31. C. canescens, L. (in part). Pale or glaucous; spikes 5-7 {about 

 12 - 20-flowered), tlie 2-3 upper approximated, the I'est all distinct and the lower- 

 most remote; perigynia ovate, about the length of the pointed scale. (C. curta, 

 Good. C. Richardi, Michx.) — Marshes and wet meadows ; common, especially 

 northward. (Eu.) 



Var. vitilis is a more slender and weak form, not glaucous, with Smaller 

 and roundish 6-l.'5-flowered spikes, the more pointed perigynia spreading (and 

 often tawny) at maturity : perhaps a good species. (Var. alpicola and var. 

 sphterostachya, ed. 1. C. tenella, £ArA. C. Persoonii, &'e6er. C. vitilis, ^ries. 

 C. Gcbhardi, Iloppe. C. spba;rostachya and C. Backleyi, Dew.) — On moun- 

 tains, and high northward. (Eu.) 



-t- -i- Perigynia thickened only at the base, obscurely nerved on the outer side, tapering 

 into a rough 2-toothed beak. 



32. C. Dcweyana, Schw. Spikes about 4 ; the 2 uppermost approxi- 

 mate, the others distinct, the lowest long-braoted ; perigynia oblong-lanceolate, 

 rather longer than the sharply pointed or awned scale. — Copses, New England 

 to Wisconsin, and northward. 



* * Sji'kcs ovoid or ohovoid, more or less cbistf-r'il ; perigynia conrare-convex, com- 

 pressed, iiuinjinrd or winged, nerved, with a rough i?-loothcd beak, often tawny 

 at maturity : scales tawny or white, awnlcss : bracts bristle-shaped, usually 

 falling before the maturity of the spikes (in No. 34 persistent, very long and 

 leaf-like. ) 



