CTPEEACEiE. (siEDOE FAMILY.) 525 



forming dense tufts. The fertile spikes do not exceed 2" -3" in length, and are 

 about 1" broad. 



83. C. pedunculafa', Muhl. Spikes 3-5, commonly 4, the uppemuut 

 sterile with 2 -Sfertih flowers at the base, the rest fertile with a few stamiaate flowers 

 at the apex, all on long stalks, remote, 1 - 2 of the lowest near the base of the culm ; 

 sheaths with green tips much shorter than the stalks ; perigi/nia with a long atten- 

 uated base and a minutely notched orifice, somewhat downy, especially on the angles, 

 about the length of the broadly obovate abruptly awned or pointed dark-pnrple 

 scale. — Dry woods and rocky hill-sides, New England to Penn., Wisconsin, 

 and northward. — Culms i' - 10' high, prostrate at maturity, growing in tufts 

 partly concealed by the very long and narrow grassy leayes. 



§ 6. Perigynia with a straight or slightly bent more or less abrupt heak, hairy, not in- 

 flated, terminating in a membranaceous notched or 2-toothed orifice : bracts 

 short, either green and slightly sheathing or auriculate at the base, or small 

 and resembling the scales : scales dark brown or pui-ple with white margins, 

 fading lighter or sometimes turning nearly white : staminato spike solitary ; 

 the fertile 2-3, nearly sessile (except in No. 84), erect. {Culms mostly low 

 and slender : leaves all' radical, long and narrow.) — MontIn^. 



84. C. lll]ll>dlHta9 Sclik. Culms very short ; staminate spike sometimes 

 with a few pistillate flowers ;_/«*'& spikes i -5, ovoid, few-flowered ; the upper- 

 most dose to the sterile spike and sessile, the rest on stalks arising from the base of the 

 stem and of about equal height, appearing somewhat like a small corymb, nearly 

 concealed by the long grassy leaves ; perigynia ovoid, 3-angled, with a rather 

 long abrupt beak, about the length of the ovate pointed scale. — Eocky hill- 

 sides. New England to Penn., and northward. — Growing in dense grassy tufts, 

 with culms l'-3', rarely 6' high. 



85. C. IVoviE-Anglia;, Schw, Sterile spike on a short stalk ; the fertile 

 2-3, ovoid, nearly sessile, 3 - 5-flowered, more or less distinct, the lowest with a 

 green and bristle-shaped or colored and scale-like awned bract ; perigynia obovoid, 

 3-angled, attenuated at the base into a short stalk, minutely hairy (principally 

 above), indistinctly nerved, vnth a somewhat elongated 2-toothed beak deeply cleft on 

 the inner side, a little longer than the ovate pointed scale. ( C. collecta. Dew. 

 C. varia, var. minor, Boott (including var. Emmonsii). C. lucorum, Kunze, not 

 of Willd. ?) — Var. Emm6nsii has the fertile spikes 5 - 10-flowered, aggregated, 

 the uppermost close to the base of the staminate ; or varying occasionally with 

 the lowest on a long stalk near the base of the culm, concealed by the long gras- 

 sy leaves. (C. alpestris, Schw. §• Torr., not of AUioni. C. Davisii, Dew., not of 

 Schw. ^ Torr. C. Emmonsii, Dew.) — Woody hills and mountains, N. New 

 England to Ohio, and northward ; also southward along the. Alleghanies. — 

 Grows in grassy tufts, with numerous very slender, often prostrate culnis, vary- 

 ing from 4' -15' in length. The var. is the prevailing form, but intermediate 

 ones continually occur, differing in respect to the contiguity and size of the fer- 

 tile spikes, and in the proximity of the uppermost to the base of the sterile one. 

 The form of the perigynium varies with age ; the mature ones in Kunze's figure 

 of C. lucorum have the elongated beak of C. nigro-marginata, Schw. (possibly 

 the C. lucorum of Willd.), whilst the plant delineated is clearly C. Novas- Angliae. 



