QEAMINKiE. (gEASS FAMILY.) 609 



spikes ; glumes 2, transverse. — Open grounds and salt licks, Illinois (Afead), 

 and westward. Aug. 



42. 1,6 1,1V n, L. Dabnel. 



Spikelets many-flowered, solitary on each joint of the continuous rhachis, 

 placed edgewise ; the glume, except in the terminal spikelet, only one and exter- 

 nal : — otherwise chiefly as in Triticum. (The ancient Latin name. ) 



1. Li. PBRiiNNB, L. (COMMON Daknel. Ray- Or Rtb-Geass.) Glume 

 much shorter than the spikelet ; flowers 6-9, avmless, rarely awn-pointed. IJ. — ■ 

 Meadows and lots; eastward. June. — A pretty good pasture-grass. (Nat. 

 from En.) 



2. lu TEMTILENTUM, L. (Beaeded Darnel.) Glume fuUy equalling the 

 5-7-flowered spikelet; awn longer than the flower (J' long). ® — Grain-fields, 

 Massachusetts and Penn. : rare. — Grain noxious ; almost the only such instance 

 among Grasses. (Adv. from Eu.) 



43. TRITICITM, L. Wheat. 



Spikelets 3 - several-flowered, single at each joint, and placed with the side 

 against the rhachis. Glumes transverse (i. e. right and left), nearly equal and 

 opposite, herbaceous, nei-ved. Lower palea very like the glumes, convex on the 

 back, pointed or awned from the tip : the upper flattened, bristly-ciliate on the 

 nerves, free, or adherent to the groove of the grain. Stamens 3. (The classical 

 name, probably from tritus, beaten, because the grain is threshed out of the 

 spikes.) — The true species are annuals, with the glumes ovate-oblong and ven- 

 tricose-boat-shaped, as in common Wheat (T. vulgXre). Others are perennial, 

 with nearly lanceolate acute or pointed glumes, and 2-ranked spikes, never fur- 

 nishing bread-corn (§ Aokopteon, Gsertn.) ; to which the following belong. 



1. T. repens, L. (Couoh-Grass. Quitch-Grass. Quick-Grass ) 

 Biootstocks creeping extensively; spikelets 4-8-flowered; glumes 5-7-nerved; 

 rhachis glabrous, but rough on the angles ; awn none, or not more than half the 

 length of the flower ; haves flat, roughish or hairy above. — Var. nemobXle, An- 

 derson. Brighter green ; paleae pretty long-awned ; spike slender. — Open 

 grounds, northward : principally in meadows and cultivated grounds, where it is 

 naturalized (from Europe) and very troublesome, multiplying rapidly and widely 

 by its creeping slender rootstocks. June-Aug. (Eu.) 



2. X. caninillll, L. (Awned Wheat-Gbass.) No creeping rootslock ; 

 spikelets 4 - 5-flowered ; glumes 3 - 5-nerved ; rhachis very Tough ; awn longer 

 than the smooth flower ; leaves flat, roughish. — Woods and banks, W. New York 

 to Wisconsin, and northward. Also sparingly naturalized in fields. (Eu.) 



3. T. dasyStaChyum. Culm (l°-3° high, from a strong creeping root- 

 stock) and naiTOW mostly involute leaves verg smooth and glaucous ; spikelels downy- 

 hairy an over, whitish, 5-9-flowered; glumes 5-7-nervod; rhachis rough on the 

 edges ■ awn sometimes about half the length of the flower, sometimes nearly 

 wanting. (T. repens, var. dasystachyum, Hook.) — Sandy shores of Lakes Hu- 

 ron and Superior, and northward. Aug. 



48* 



