Contaijious and Epizootic Diseases. 13 



temperature of the body is elevated, or four days until 

 the appearance of outward signs of illness. By this time 

 the mouth, inside the Hps, on the dental pad of the upper 

 jaw or around the gums of the lower front teeth, shows 

 minute white eleyations, like the aphtha of the mouths of 

 children, calves and lambs suffering from thrush (muguet). 

 This may be exceedingly slight and transient but is most 

 characteristic. The other mucous membranes, (eye, vulva, 

 rectum, nose,) show a more or less dark flush, and concre- 

 tions may appear around these and on other parts of the 

 skin, especially the teats. These are solid aggregations 

 of epithelial cells, not vesicles nor pustules. In twenty- 

 four hours they undergo fatty softening and are easily de- 

 tached, leaving small pink erosions, and by the sixth day 

 a great part of the mouth and muzzle may have become 

 raw, and the surrounding mucous membrane of a deep 

 red. About the fourth day, the skin feels greasy, and 

 dullness, and impaired appetite and rumination appear. 

 In cows the milk is diminished, richer in cream, and even 

 slightly coagulable. Urine becomes scanty and of a high 

 color and density. These signs increase until the sixth 

 day, when the mouth is often raw, sahva drivels, appetite 

 and rumination are gone, bowels relaxed, the dung 

 passed with much straining and pain, the everted gut 

 appearing of a deep red or port-wine hue, the ears are 

 drawn back, head pendent, eyes half-closed and watery, 

 back arched and often insensible to pinching, abdominal 

 muscles tense and resistant, and there is a pecidiar check 

 in the act of expiration, the breath being suddenly ar- 

 rested with a flapping sound and concussion of the entire 

 body, to be exhaled a second or two later with a grunting 

 noise. Sighing and whisthng sounds are heard in the 

 chest and it becomes unnaturally drum-hke to percussion. 

 A sudden lowering of temperature is usually the precur- 

 sor of death, which happens on the seventh or eighth day. 

 Nervous symptoms appear in some outbreaks, with de- 

 lirium, butting, shivering, and tenderness of the loins, 

 2 _^ 



