82 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



CROUP OB EOUP IN FOWLS. 



Causes. Probably similar to those acting on quadru- 

 peds. Exciting diet (wheat, buckwheat, oats,) seems at 

 times injurious. Newly-arrived fowls are most liable to 

 contract it, yet it does not seem contagious in the ordi- 

 nary sense, but rather inherent in soil, locahty or condi- 

 tions of life. 



Symptoms. Dullness, sleepiness, neglect of food, ruffled 

 feathers, unsteady walk, quickened breathing, with a 

 hoarse wheeze, and an occasional loud crowing noise. On 

 the tongue, at the angle of union of the beak, or in the 

 throat appear yellowish white films (false membranes) 

 firmly adherent to a reddened surface, and raw sores 

 where these have been detached. The nostrils may be 

 completely plugged with swelling and discharge so that 

 breath can only be drawn through the open bill. The in- 

 flammation may extend along the windpipe to the serial 

 cavities and lungs, or along the gullet to the intestines. In 

 the first case, death may take place from sufi'ocation, and 

 in the second, from diarrhoea, and as early as in twenty-four 

 hours. Toward the end of an outbreak, the malady may 

 last twenty days and still prove fatal. False membranes 

 may form on other distant parts of the body, but espe- 

 cially the comb, wattles, eye, or on accidental sores. 



Treatment. Disuse raw grain, and feed on vegetables, 

 and puddings made of weU-boiled oat, barley or Indian 

 meal. Dissolve carbonate or sulphate of soda, or chlo- 

 rate of potassa freely in the water drunk, remove the 

 false membranes with a feather or forceps and apply to 

 the surface with a feather the nitrate of silver lotion ad- 

 vised for croup in quadrupeds. If diarrhoea supervenes, 

 give a teaspoonful of quinia wine thrice a day. It is all- 

 important to change the run of the chickens for a time at 

 least. 



DIPHTHERIA. 



This is seen in pigs and it is even claimed to occur in 

 aorses, but the false membranes ia the latter animals 

 rarely amount to more than thickened mucus. It appeara 



