140 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



STKICrURE AND DILATATION OF THE GULLET. 



These usually coexist, the first giving rise to the second 

 because of habitual accumulation of food above the nar- 

 row part. The narrowing results from mechanical iajury 

 in choking, etc., or from the presence of a worm (spirop- 

 tera) which lives in galleries on the mucous membrane. 



The symptoms are the formation of an extended diffuse 

 soft swelling along the furrow on the left side of the neck, 

 when the animal feeds or drinks, and the subsidence of 

 this swelling during abstinence. The only permanent 

 treatment is by bougies or probangs passed daily, begin- 

 ning with those that will just pass the stricture, and using 

 them larger as the former ones begin to pass easily. The 

 food must be restricted to soft mashes and gruels. 



Cattle are usually slaughtered when attacked in good 

 condition. 



IMPACTION OP THE CROP IN BIRDS. 



Symptoms. "Want of appetite, dullness, sinking of the 

 head between the wings, rufSed plumage, and enormous 

 and firm distension of the crop, easily recognized when 

 the bird is handled. 



Treatment consists in pouring down tepid water and 

 moulding the crop so as to force its contents a httle at a 

 time back into the mouth. This failing, cut the crop open, 

 empty it, sew up the wound, and feed gruels or soft 

 mush for a few days, 



TYMPANY OF THE FIRST STOMACH IN RUMINANTS. HOOVE. 

 BLOATING. 



(James. It is especially common in weak, ailing, or under- 

 fed stock when put on rich luxuriant food, especially green 

 food, in spring. Some food is dangerous, such as clover 

 (white and red) ; green food covered with dew or hoar frost, 

 soaked by inundations or drying after a shower ; diseased 

 or frosted potatoes or turnips (roots or tops) ; partially 

 ripened but uncui-ed gram and crowfoots and other acrid 



