162 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



to the formation of ulcers. It occurs in cattle, horses, 

 swine and dogs, may be enzootic on certain rich impervi- 

 ous soils, or even epizootic- 



Causes. Those of diarrhoea actiag with greater energy ; 

 the emanations from marshy inundated soils, or from 

 carcasses ; putrid, stagnant or iced water ; musty, putrid 

 or otherwise altered food ; overexertion in excessive heats ; 

 or even a contagium. 



Symptoms. The acute form comes on suddenly with 

 symptoms of acute intestinal catarrh. The dung is passed fre- 

 quently with straining and is semi-liquid and foetid. Later 

 it is quite liquid with mucus, blood and shreds of false mem- 

 branes or sloughs, intolerably offensive, and passed with 

 still more pain and straining. Later still, the same painful 

 straining fails to bring away, anything, though the red, 

 infiltrated and excoriated rectum may protrude. At length 

 the discharge again reappears more repulsive than ever 

 and passes involuntarily. Appetite is gradually lost, but 

 thirst increases. Fever exists at first with staring coat 

 and even shivering, hot fevered mouth and accelerated 

 pulse, but this is less marked as the disease becomes 

 chronic. Then there is extreme emaciation, cold limbs, 

 dry, cracked muzzle, hide-bound, scurfy, unhealthy, lousy 

 skin, often covered Avith flies, deeply-simken paUid eyes, 

 and involuntary liquid putrid discharges. Death may 

 occur in three or four days or the disease may be pro- 

 tracted for months. 



Treatment. Kub the belly actively and apply mustard, 

 or in small animals give a warm bath. Give a mild laxa- 

 tive (olive-oU, Glauber salts,) with calmative (Dover's 

 powder, laudanum). After the laxative has operated give 

 daUy Dover's powder with ipecacuanha, or sal ammoniac, 

 or should these fail to improve the discharge, astringents 

 (kino, catechu, gall-nuts, oak bark, black currant bark, 

 walnutleaves, tormentUla, rhatany, etc.,) with tonics (quinia, 

 nux vomica, salicine, cascarilla, carbonate or sulphate of 

 iron, sulphate of copper, nitrate of silver). Small doses 



