lUO The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



of red blood-globules and liberation of their coloring mat- 

 ter to stain the blood and textures. This may be caused 

 by excess in the blood of water, bile acids (taurocholates) 

 alkalies, nitrites, ether or chloroform. It may result from 

 freeaiag, burning, (140° F.) and frictional and induction 

 currents of electricity. It is noticeable that the coloring 

 matter in the blood of solipeds is very easily dissolved 

 and that of carnivora only vt^ith difficulty. Hence the 

 frequency of a dusky or jaundiced appearance of the mem- 

 branes in horses and its comparative harmlessness, as 

 contrasted with similar conditions in the dog. It is further 

 probable that the re-absorbed bUe acids are transformed 

 into bile pigment in certain states of the blood. 



Symptoms. General coloration of all the tissues, but 

 especially the mucous membranes of a yellow, or over 

 large veins of a greenish hue, and also of the urine. When 

 there is obstruction of the bUe duct, the dung is devoid 

 of bile, foetid and often clayey in appearance, but if from 

 other causes it may retain its natural color and odor. 



Other symptoms may appear dependent on the nature 

 of the attendant disease, or the poisonous action of the 

 bile acids, and of various diseased products on the blood, 

 while the coloration itself seems to be comparatively harm- 

 less. 



Treatment. This will depend on the nature of the cause. 

 As a general rule what favors the action of the bowels, 

 the free elimination of the bile, and depletion of the portal 

 vein and Hver wiU counteract the jaundice. Small daily 

 doses of podophylHn, (horse and ox 1 scr.) with one or 

 more ounces each of Glauber, Epsom, and common salt, 

 as may be needful, wiR often act very efficiently. Or aloes, 

 jalap or calomel, may replace the podophyUin. Taraxa- 

 cum may be given either in diuretic or purgative doses, or 

 a herbivorous patient may be turned out on a pasturage 

 of dandelion ; succident spring grass indeed is sometimes 

 aU that is needed. Diuretics are useful in effecting elim- 

 ination of the pigment, the carbonates and acetates of po- 



