316 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



playing over the point of the hock. Sprain of the flexor tendon behind the 

 hock. Thorough-pin. Distension of the sheath of the extensor tendon in 

 front of tlie hock. Fracture of the inner maleolus. Fracture of the point 

 of the hock and other hock bones. Bone spavin. Inflammation of the true 

 hock joint. Bog spavin. Dropsy of the hock joint. Blood spavin. Curb. 

 String-halt. Other causes of lameness. 



FBACTURES OF THE LOWER JAW. 



These take place in the anterior part occupied by the 

 front teeth, or more frequently on one side, between these 

 and the grinders. In simple fractures with no great tend- 

 ency to movement an exclusive diet of soft mashes will 

 often suffice, a double halter beiag so arranged that the 

 animal cannot possibly reach either fodder or Utter. If 

 the fracture is between the front teeth a copper or silver 

 wire wound round two teeth on opposite sides of the break 

 may fix the parts sufficiently. If further back and very 

 mobile, it may still be retained at times by using the 

 tushes as fixed points from which to carry the wire. 

 Where these cannot be availed of, the jaw may be perfo- 

 rated by a fine driU in front of the fracture and behind it, 

 and the two parts firmly bound together by a silver wire. 

 If this is not available, a mould of gutta-percha or wood is 

 made to fit the lower jaw and sides of the face from the 

 throat as far as the chin, and this is strapped on by four 

 belts, one passing behind the ears, one in front of them, 

 one on the middle of the face and one on the nose but four 

 inches above the nostrils. The straps may be held to- 

 gether by another or a simple cord passing down the 

 middle of the face, and the two lower ones should be 

 slightly elastic. TLis should be kept on till union is 

 effected and no hard food should be allowed for two 

 months. 



In cases of eompouud comminuted fractures remove all 

 foreign bodies and detached pieces of bone, and make an 

 opening in the case, through which the wound may be 

 dressed with antiseptic liquids (carbolic acid 1 pai-t, water 

 100 parts). 



