330 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



tinned from the foot up. The patient must be placed in 

 slings. 



DISEASE OF THE ELBOW-JOINT. 



This must be diagnosed by the general symptoms of 

 elbow lameness and by pain in moving the joint, but espe- 

 cially when it is fully extended. 



Treatment as for diseased shoulder-joint, the applications 

 in this case being made to the elbow. If far advanced or 

 if connected with fracture of the lower end of the arm. 

 bone or of that forming the point of the elbow, it will 

 usually be unsatisfactory. 



PBACTUEE OF THE ABM BONE. 



Fracture of the large bone between the point of the 

 shoulder and the elbow may occur from blows, or even 

 wrong steps, and is often attended by much swelling from 

 extravasation of blood. The only resort is to place the 

 animal in slings and keep him perfectly quiet. In rare 

 cases recovery has taken place with no distortion, the bro- 

 ken ends, in a transverse fracture, remaining in apposition. 

 Usually they are drawn apart by the muscles and ride 

 over each other so that the limb is shortened. Such a re- 

 sult is only desirable in breeding horses and in stock for 

 dairy or butcher. 



FEACTUKE OF THE FOEE-ABM. 



Fractures between the elbow and knee in horses or 

 cattle necessarily leave the animal unable to rest on the 

 limb ; if in dogs or cats one of the bones may be broken 

 while the other remains unharmed and weight can still bo 

 borne. There is trembling of the muscles, distortion 

 easUy felt on carrying the hand down the inner side along 

 the line of the bone, and grating when the limb is moved. 



Treatment. If the fracture is very oblique treatment 

 wiU rarely pay in horses, but if transverse or jagged so 

 that the bones do not ride, the case is very hopeful. Set 



