376 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



laceration and detachment of horn, or wounds with nails 

 or other sharp bodies implicating the bone. The sudden 

 and extreme lameness following an evident injury or a 

 long-standing disease may arouse suspicions of this and 

 if grating can be heard the case is certain. Treatment is 

 rarely successful, excepting in circumscribed fractures 

 from wounds, in which case the detached bone must bo 

 removed. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE FOOT. LAMINITIS. FOUNDER. 



This consists in inflammation of the sensiti^■e parts of 

 the foot, but iDredominating in the anterior portion of the 

 laminae, where the greatest strain comes in standing. 



Causes. The disease may arise from direct injury as in 

 over-exertion on hard roads, blows, bruises or freezing of 

 the feet, pricks or binding with nails, continued injury from 

 a badly applied shoe, or the constant strain upon the feet 

 during a long sea voyage. It may also occur from a sud- 

 den chill, from drinking cold water when heated and 

 fatigued, from overloading of the stomach with grain, 

 from muco-enteritis, the result of an over-dose of purgative 

 medicine, or from diseases of the lungs (pneumonia, bron- 

 chitis). Small and deformed feet and large flat ones often 

 suffer. Horses with heavy fat carcasses are also predis- 

 posed. 



Symptoms. When not caused by direct injury to the 

 foot, it is usuallj' ushered in by fever and general stiffness 

 and soreness of the surface, with or vsdthout shivering, 

 but independent of any tenderness of the foot. If not 

 relieved these are soon followed by tenderness of the 

 foot, usually predominating at the anterior part, but some- 

 times setthng in the heel and causing pedal sesamoid- 

 itis. When acute inflammation is developed in the lam- 

 inae of the fore feet the horse is in a high fever, with 

 full hard pulse, excited breathing, distended nostrils, ex- 

 tension of the fore feet forward, so that they rest only on 

 the heels, and bringing of the hind feet far forward be- 



