Euphyllopoda g 25 



Specimens from this collection in the old Fisheries Museum n Ottawa 

 were dried up when I found them, but they show the characteristics of the 

 species. There are about a dozen of them, and both sexes are represented; 

 they seem to have been about one centimeter long, when collected. 



The slender terminal joint of the claspers (second antennae) of the males 

 is much longer, more curved, but less tapering (more like B. color adensis) than 

 given in figures by authors. The serration ("teeth") on the basal joint of the 

 claspers is distinct. A study of the specimens collected during the period of 

 the Canadian Arctic Expedition makes me think, that as the males increase in 

 size, the basal joint of the claspers becomes considerably longer, and gets the 

 "telescopic" appearance as figured by Sars (Plates VI-VIII), and also shown 

 on the largest (most mature) males I secured during the expedition. The terminal 

 joint thus seems shorter in proportion, than with the younger males. 



It is interesting to see, from Halkett's field notes, that fairy-shrimps 

 were observed much later at Fullerton (in the fall of 1903), than I noticed during 

 the Canadian Arctic Expedition. Females were thus collected on October 26 

 through a hole in the ice of a pond about 7 feet deep, and more also on the 

 succeeding days up to the beginning of November. On October 30, the thickness 

 of the ice was measured to be 12-14 inches, the air temperature being about 

 zero, Fahrenheit, and that of the water at the freezing point. The male Phyllo- 

 pods had apparently died out then, but even so late as November 2, a female 

 was obtained. Cladocera and copepods, of course, occurred all through the 

 winter. "By testing the water in these ponds, containing Entomostraca, with 

 nitrate of silver, it manifested the slighest bluish tinge. This means a very 

 ■ slight saline element in the water, but an element in some way or other intro- 

 duced, for the ponds were certainly formed of fresh water, through the melting 

 of the snow, and the water was that used for drinking and cooking purposes" 

 (A. Halkett). It is probably a case of lagoons or brackish ponds similar to those 

 observed during the Canadian Arctic Expedition. 



The record of six fairy-shrimps of this species (identification verified by 

 Prof. A. S. Pearse) from a pond at Point St. Charles, near Montreal, P.Q., given 

 on p. 16, is certainly most extraordinary. Prof. A. Willey, who sent the speci- 

 mens, informs me that the species has not been observed there since. They are 

 mature individuals, about 2 cm. long, the two females having ripe eggs in the 

 ovisac. They were collected in a pond cut off from the river, in May-June, 

 about 20 years ago, by E. Ardley Perhaps the (dried) eggs were brought with a 

 ship returning from Labrador, and then hatched with the advent of spring 

 (April) around Montreal, thus two months before it takes place on the arctic 

 coast. I did not observe the species, nor any other Euphyllopoda, during my 

 recent (1920) trip along the east side of James and Hudson bays, to beyond lat. 

 56° N., so the only other records of it on the Labrador peninsula are those given 

 on page 16 (Hamilton inlet and Fort Chimo). The only other southern record 

 of it on this continent is White Horse, Yukon Territory (see p. 16), while in 

 Europe it has been found in the Scandinavian peninsula and Carpathian 

 Mountains (p. 17). 



Life History in Greenland 



Wesenberg-Lund gives (1894) some data concerning the species as it occurs 

 on the southern part of the west coast of Greenland, saying that they become 

 mature in July, at a size of 14 mm.; and that the same animals have double 

 this size in November.^ Vanhoffen (1897) says that the eggs develop there in 

 May under the ice and secured young individuals at the end of May 1883. 

 Wesenberg-Lund also says, that the ovisac appears at the same time as the 



1 1 have seen as large specimens of B. paludosa from West Greenland as those I collected upon Herschel 

 island (see p. 19). 



