17 



EAU CELESTE. 



Formula. — Copper sulphate, 1 pound; strong ammonia, IJ pints; 

 water, 22 gallons. 



In the addition of ammonia water to a solution of normal copper sul- 

 phate, the copper is precipitated as a basic sulphate, forming at the 

 same time ammonic sulphate, which remains in solution. With an ex- 

 cess of ammonia, the basic copper sulphate dissolves to a blue fluid 

 foi'ming the ammonio-copper sulphate (GUSO4, 4NH3, U^O). 



In drying upon the plant the ammonio-copper sulphate gradually 

 loses its ammonia and is reconverted into the basic copper sulphate. 

 The following are the probable reactions : 



(1) 3CUSO4, 5HaO + 4NH4HO = CUSO4 2Cu(OH)3 + 2(NH4)s SO^ + ISHjO 



Normal cop- Basic copper 



per sulphate sulphate. 



(2) CnSOi, 2Cii(OH;3 + 2(NH4)2SO, + 8NH4HO = 3(dnS04, 4NH.„ HgO) + 



In excess. Ammonium copper 

 9HaO sulphate. 



(3) In drying upon the vine. 



3(CuS04, 4NH3, H,0) -f mo = CnSOi, 2Cu(0H)3 + 2(NH4)iiS04 + 8NH» 



To satisfy the reactions (1) and (2), the one pound of copper sulphate 

 would require .439 pounds of ammonia gas (NH3) ; or 1.66 pints of the 

 stronger water of ammonia of the TJ. S. Pharmacopoeia (sp. gr. 0.900 at 

 15" O.), producing in turn .47 pounds of the basic copper sulphate. 



MOBIPIED EAU CELESTE. 



Formula.— SalphSLte of copper, 2 pounds; carbonate of soda, 2J 

 pounds ; strong ammonia, IJ pints ; water, 22 gallons. In the addition 

 of a solution of sodic carbonate to a solution of copper carbonate the 

 copper is precipitated as a basic carbonate, forming at the same time 

 a soluble sulphate of soda. 



Upon the addition of ammonia the basic carbonate dissolves to a blue 

 fluid forming the ammonio-copper carbonate (OuOOs, 2NH3), and the 

 amnionio-cnpric hydroxide. (30u( JH)2, 4NH3, SHzO.) 



In drying upon the plant both of these salts gradually lose their 

 ammonia, and are converted into the basic carbonate and into the cupric 

 hydroxide. 



The following are the probable reactions : 



f n 12 (CUSO4, 5ff 0) -f 12 (Na.CO„ lOH.O) = e rCuCOa. Cu(OH)„ H,0] + 



^ ' Basic carbonate 



of copper. 



12Na3S04-|-6C02-l-168HsO 



(2) 6[CuC03, CuC(OH).]+20NH4HO=6(CuCO3,2NH3)-f 



^ To dissolve. Ammonio-copper 



carbonate. 



2 r3Cu(OH)a, 4NH3, 3HaO] -f 14HijO. 

 Aminonio-cupric hy- 

 droxide. 



22162 P D 2 



