260 MELANIIDS. 
A remarkably solid, heavy form; upper whorls smooth, the 
last (and sometimes the last two) with a row of ill-defined 
longitudinal ribs from the centre of the whorl to its base, de- 
veloped into spinose tubercles above; closely resembles M. 
Brot’s pl. 12, fig. 4A [‘‘ M. brooket, var. pontificalis”], but the 
tubercles are more regular and numerous and placed a little 
more centrally. Long. 72, diam. 243 mil. 
Reeve gives Mel. pontificalis as a synonym of Mel. infracostata 
from Borneo. 
var. 
8 Ceylon [?]; coll. E. L. Layard, Esq. [A. 8. B.]. 
A very interesting and distinct form, although I cannot help 
doubting the correctness of the label—‘‘ Ceylon.” 
I have never seen the species elsewhere, either from that island 
or from South India. 
subspecies menkeana [emend.]. 
Melania Menkiana, Lea, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1842, for Mel. plicata, 
Lea, Trans, Am. Philos, Soc. VI (1835, fide Lea], not of Menke, 1829, 
* India?” ;= M. spinosa, (Benson), Hanley, Conch. Mise. 1856, pl. 1, 
Jig. 7 [not Mel. spinosa, “ Benson,” of Brot. Conch.-Cab. II, or 
Mel. variabilis, var. spinosa, Hanley, Con, Indica, pl. 75, fig. 6] ;= 
Con. Indica, pl. 110, fig. 6, M. menkiana Lea,“ Khersasip, N. Cachar” ; 
=M., variabilis, Benson, var. B., J. A. S. B. V, 1836, Sylhet; var.= 
MM, godwini, Brot, Conch.-Cab. IT, 1874; for Mel. hanleyi, @.— Aust. 
1872, N. Cachar, Diyung river (not Mel. hanleyi, Brot]. 
Benson’s description of M. variabtlis, var. B. is—“ Liris, medi- 
ana excepta, obsoletis ; nodulis subspinosis carinam humeralem 
coronantibus.” 
When Mr, Hanley issued plate 75 of the Con. Indica (see 
page 32, 1.c.), he evidently had not discriminated between the 
two forms represented by his two above-quoted figures ; on page 
45, however, he correctly separates the form which Lea described 
as Mf. menkiana {not M. menkeana as stated by M. Brot, who 
incorrectly charges Mr. Hanley with the error] and states(which 
is also undoubtedly the case) that it isthe same form as that 
originally figured by him in the Conch. Mise. as M. spinosa, 
Benson ; Lea's figure is nearer Con. Ind. pl. 110, fig. 5 [M. 
godwint, Brot] than fig. 6 [M. menkeana] ; unfortunately, M. 
Brot adopts the name of M. spinosa, Bs. for pl. 75, fig. 6 
