358 Banffshire Fauna. [APPENDIX. 
in spring to the alpine and sub-alpine districts. Their note in 
winter is simply “‘Whaup,” with sometimes a loud scream when 
come upon suddenly. In summer, however, and while among 
the moors and hills, it is more varied, being then “ Poo-l-ie, 
poo-lie,” then ‘ Coor-lie, coor-lie,” with a long ‘‘ Wha-a-up” at 
the end. They are not then so shy as when seen by the sea- 
shore. 
Nomenius pazopus [ Whimbrel]. 
Seldom a summer passes but a whimbrel or two may be met with 
along the shore, and sometimes in some of our mosses. I think 
they breed with us. They are generally very shy, and not easily 
approached. Their call-note at once distinguishes them from 
the curlew. 
Toranus catipris [Redshank]. 
We have this red and long-legged gentleman rather sparingly with 
us, but we have him all the year. There are certain spots coast- 
wise not much frequented, where, for seven or eight months in 
the year, you will seldom, if ever, fail to meet- with a few; and 
when disturbed, their wild scream accords well with the solitary 
places which they frequent, ‘especially where there is a low hol- 
low murmuring from the ocean. This is another species, which, 
lapwing-like, will flap about you when in the way of their nests, 
and for noise they exceed. them completely. They generally 
breed in marshy and boggy places, and about the grassy margins 
of lochs, but I have also found them among bents and dry sandy 
places by the sea-shore. 
Toranus HYPOLENCOS [ Common Sandpiper]. 
The common sandpiper (or, as we have it, “kittie-needie,” from 
its cry) is one of our summer birds; there is scarcely one of our 
streams but has its “‘kittie-needies” in the season. They breed 
on the banks. 
Toranus eiortis [ Greenshank]. 
This is a rarity with us. I have one in my possession, out of two 
which were shot in the moss of Banff. 
RecurvinostRa avocerta [Avocet]. 
More rare than the preceding. 
Limosa MELanura [Black-tailed Godwit]. 
Only two specimens have been taken here. 
Liwosa rura [Bar-tailed Godwit]. 
A few of these may generally be observed every autumn, either by 
the sea-side or in our mosses. They do not stop long with us, 
