262 LANDSCAPE GARDBNINO 



not help to tie the dwellings in with the more or 

 less irregular surroundings of American suburbs. 



" Where views can be seen from the house, th e 

 planting of the viUa garden should be such as to 

 emphasize the prospect , and wherever any objec- 

 tionable views occur they should be screened by a 

 judicious use of shrubs. Where the grounds are 

 of sufi&cient extent, games and recreations enter 

 into the problem. The laying out of tennis- 

 courts, bowling-greens, swimming-pools, and even 

 tracks and base-baU diamonds must often be taken 

 into consideration in connection with viUa gar- 

 dens. The landscaping of a villa is influenced 

 largely by its scale, but it occurs as a sort of middle 

 ground between the formal and the informal types, 

 using sometimes the freedom of the one, and some- 

 times the restraint of the other. 



Topiary work has long been associated with 

 formal gardening, and would appear to be at vari- 

 ance with many types of planting, and altogether 

 individualistic (see Fig. 58). Upon close study, 

 one finds that, instead of being sharply difEerenti- 

 ated, this type of planting is really a form of the 

 gardenesque. Topiary was introduced into Eng- 

 land by William of Orange and Queen Mary in the 

 sixteenth century. It became a fashion among the 



