i8 



THE My\MMALIA. 



TABLE OF THE ORDERS, EAMILIES, AND TRIBES 



OF THE MAMMALIA. 



APES AND MONKEYS (Simicc). 



Tropical mammals more or less like man, with complete 

 dentition, opposable thumb and great toe (Qaad- 

 rumana), cup-shaped closed bony orbit, two pectoral 

 mammfe, and discoidal placenta. 



(A) Monkeys of ihe Old Wori.u {Catarrhince). With 

 32 teeth and narrow septum between the nostrils, 

 which are directed somewhat forwards. 

 Anthropoid Apes {Anthropoiiwrpliu:). Tailless, with 

 naked face somewhat resembling that of man ; 

 body covered with long hairs. 



Black .Anthropoid Apes (7y<ii;lody/es). With fore- 

 limbs reaching no further than the ankles, anrl 

 thirteen pairs of ribs; natives of .Africa. 



Red Anthropoid Apics (Siviia). With \ery long 

 arms and twelve pairs of ribs; natives of the East 

 Indies. 



Gibbons (Hylohates). Asiatic arboreal apes, with 

 extraordinarily long arms and hands, and small 

 naked spots on the buttocks. 

 Tailed Monkeys (Caudaice). With more or less 

 developed tail, ischial callosities, and mostly also 

 cheek-pouches. 



.Semnopitheci. Arboreal monkeys of slender shape, 

 with well-developed thumbs, long tails, a com- 

 pound stomach of three parts, and sometimes with, 

 sometimes Avithout, cheek-pouches. 



CoLOBi. African forms resembling tlie Semnrtiiitlieci, 

 but with more powerful jaws and mucli reduced 

 thumb, and without cheek-]jouches. 



Guenons {CercopUliccus). .African monkeys with j 

 simple stomach, cheek-])Ouches, long tail, large I 

 thumb, and moderately long limbs. 1 



Maca(,iues {Macacus). With a solitary exception i 

 Asiatic monkeys, with a rather thickset frame, pro- 

 truding muzzle, tolerably ];o»'errul jaws, simple 

 stomach, cheek-pouches, and a tail which never 

 grows longer than the whole bofly. 



Baboons [Cytwccpliahn). Large, cliielly .African, ter- 

 restrial ffjrrns, with dog-like muzzle, powerful limbs, 

 and dentition like that of a carnivore. 



(B) Monkeys of the New World (Platyrrhina:). 



With 36 teeth and broad nasal septum; the 

 nostrils directed sidev.'ards; ischial callosities 

 and cheek-pouches always absent. 



Naked-'j AiLi.D .MoNKicYs [Gyviiiura:). The long 

 and powerful tail has at least the last third 

 naked on tlic under surface, where it is covered 

 with rough skin; and the tail serves as an organ 

 of touch and jjrehension. 

 The Howlers {Myalcs). 

 'J'he \Voolly Monkeys {Lagothrix). 

 'Ihe .Spider Monkeys {Aides). 



'J'he Sajous {Cehidcf.). Tail long and strong, com- 

 pletely covered witli liair, and serving only as 

 an organ of prehension (not of touch). 



The .Sakis {Anclura). 'J'ail of various length, the 

 vcrtcbrai not increasing in size towards the ex- 

 tremity; never used for prehension. 



(C) Tin. Clawed Monkey's (Arctnpitheci). \\'ith 32 



teeth, fore-paws without an opposable pollex 

 (thumb), all tlie digits except the hallux (great 

 toe) firovided with claws. 



THE PROSIMIANS If 



rosiiim j. 



Climbing animals with complete dentition, opposable 

 thumb and great toe (Quadrumanaj, bony orbit not 

 closed behind, mostly more than two teats, and with 

 a cam}j;inLilate (diffuse) placenta. 

 The I'Rosi.MiANs OF Madagascar. 



The J.emlrs {Pcmurida). \ Distingui.shed by their 



The Indris {Iiidrisida). /dentition: see text. 



The \\y.-k\\,. .A single species forrnmg a family 



by itself, with a peculiar dentition like that of 



a rodent, and with a very long middle digit on 



tile fore-foot. 



'I'm, .AllMCAN 1'R(;SI.MIANS. 



'I'he I'oi 10 I''a.mily (Plerodiclida). A family with 

 small ears, short tail, and rudimentary index. 



'I'he (;alago I'amilv (Gala!;onida). Composed of 

 a single genus with long ears and tail, digits 

 complete, and all provided with flat nails, except 

 the second rlif^it of the hind foot, which carries 

 a claw, 



