4 STOLICZKA :— TERTIARY 



A third point whicli deserves mention in the two Indian fossil species is the 

 comparative shortness and great thickness (or height) of the hand ; the species agree 

 in this respect, as well as in the distribution of the tubercles on the fingers, much 

 better with Soi/lla than with any of the recent species of Nepturms, in which 

 the hand of the Ghelm is always very much elongated and comparatively thin. 



Nepttjnus "Wtnneanus, Stol., PI. I, Pigs. 1 — 2. 



The carapace of the female is transversally oblong, the width being in pro- 

 portion to its length as 32 : 17, nearly smooth above, finely granular at the lateral 

 margins; the median portion is slightly and somewhat irregularly tumid, the 

 dififerent divisions being marked by shallow depressions ; towards the lateral and 

 front margins the carapace is flattened or slightly concave. The frontal lobes 

 are small, little elevated, separated from each other by a groove which originates 

 between the two median frontal spines and continues between the rounded epi- 

 gastric lobes to the faint epigastric line, which is somewhat flexuous in the 

 middle; the proto- and meso-gastric are nearly confluent, but distinctly higher 

 than the adjoining hepatic region. The metagastric lobe, including the basal 

 urogastric portion, which occupies the centre of the back, is margined below, and 

 laterally by a distinct horse-shoe shaped groove ; from this a short groove on 

 either side bounds the upper portion of the cardiac region, the epicardiac being 

 in the middle slightly depressed, forming two rounded lobes, while the meta- 

 cardiac consists of three parts, the median of which is broadest, most elevated, 

 and slopes gradually to the posterior margin. The epibranchial is not distinct 

 from the adjoining hepatic region, but the meso- and meta- branchial are about 

 equally tumid and nearly confluent; there is also a small rounded lobe distinct 

 on each side of the upper edge of the epicardiac region, between the urogastric, 

 the meso- and meta- branchial ; it may be regarded as an internal portion of the 

 last lobe. 



The front margin is almost straight, with six sub-equal depressed spines, those 

 at the inner edge of the orbits being a little broader and shorter than the others, 

 but less projecting. The orbits are large, elongately oval, with finely serrated 

 margins ; each is somewhat longer than half the length of the front ; the upper 

 margin has two incisions, a longer median one, and a shorter near the external 

 spine ; the lower margin has only one near the external spine ; the lower internal 

 angle of the orbit is produced into a broadly accuminate tooth. 



The antero-lateral margin is, as usually, marked with nine spines ; the eight 

 anterior ones are alternately larger and smaller, all directed forward and slightly 

 upwards ; the ninth, or costal spine, is more than double the size of any of the 

 others, and almost straight; its anterior edge is very minutely serrated, and there 

 are also a few interspersed granules at the edges between the other spines. The 

 epibranchial, finely granular, Hne runs from the tip of the costal spine in a 

 flexuous curve towards the median upper edge of the mesobranchial lobe, where 

 it becomes indistinct. The infero-lateral margin is also marked above by a raised 



