6 THE FOSSIL COEALS AND 



having been found ; the other is an aberrant form of EcMnolampas. Two or three 

 corals complete the list of invertebrate fossils found in the olive shales. 



" In the lower part of the beds, with Cardita Beaumonti, however, some amphicoelian 

 vertebrae were found, which Mr. Lydekker has ascertained to be crocodilian. All 

 amphicoelian crocodiles are Mesozoic, and the present form must be one of the latest 

 knovm. So far as it is possible to form an opinion from very fragmentary materials, 

 the vertebrse in question appear more nearly allied to the Wealden Suchosaurus than 

 to any other form hitherto described. It has, however, been already shown, when 

 writing of the Gondwana flora, that the distribution of Beptilia in past ages was not 

 the same in India as in Europe. 



" Beccan Trap. — Mention has already been made of one bed of basalt intercalated 

 in the sandstones above the hippuritic limestone ; a much more important band of the 

 same igneous rock has been traced, resting upon the Cardita-Beaumonti beds, through- 

 out a distance of 22 miles from Eanikot to Jakhmari, about 17 miles south of Sehwan, 

 wherever the base of the Eanikot group, the lowest Tertiary formation, is exposed. 

 The thickness of this band of trap is trifling, and varies from about 40 to about 80 feet. 

 Apparently in some places the whole band consists of two lava-flows similar in mineral 

 character, except that the upper is somewhat ashy and contains scoriaceous fragments ; 

 the higher portion of each flow is amygdaloidal, and contains nodules of quartz, 

 calcedony, and calcite, and in places the nodules are surrounded by green earth, as is so 

 frequently the case in the Deccan traps, 



" Another characteristic accessory mineral, common also in the traps of the Deccan 

 and Malwa, is quartz with trihedral terminations. The basaltic trap of the Laid 

 hills is apparently of subaerial origin, although it rests conformably on the marine (or 

 estuarine X) Cardita-Beaumonti beds. There is nothing in the igneous bed to indicate 

 its having consolidated otherwise than in the air, and the structure differs altogether 

 from that of subaqueous volcanic tuffs. 



" The evidence that this band of basaltic rock is interstratified, and not intrusive, is 

 ample ; throughout the whole distance the trap is found in precisely the same position 

 between the lowest beds of the Eanikot group and the highest Cretaceous strata, and 

 apparently perfectly conformable to both. 



^^ BaniJcot Group. — The name of the lowest Tertiary subdivision is derived from a 

 hill-fortress of the Sind Amirs, situated in the Laid range of hills, and known as Eani- 

 jo-kot, or Eanikot, and also as Mohan-kot, from the Mohan stream, which traverses the 

 fortification. The Eanikot group is much more extensively developed in Sind than the 

 underlying Cretaceous beds ; for although it is confined to Lower Sind, and although 

 its base is only seen in the Laki range, north of Eanikot, its upper strata occupy a 

 considerable tract of country, about 26 miles long from, north to south, by about 12 in 

 breadth, north-west of Kotri ; and another even larger exposure, about 36 miles long, 

 occurs, extending from north of Jhirak (Jhirk, Jhirruk, Jerruck, or Jurruk) to Tatta. In 

 the Laki range, the Eanikot beds are seen for about 35 miles ; but the outcrop is never 

 more than 2 or 3 miles broad, and one small inlier is exposed to the west of Eanikot. 



" All the lower portion of the Eanikot group, including by far the greater portion 



