OF WESTERN SIND. 



parallel series. The longest range, the Khirthar, is slightly curved, the concavity being 

 to the east; and it extends from slightly south of 26° N. lat. to close to 28° N. lat. 

 The Laki range, more to the east, is nearly coincident -with the sixty-eighth parallel of 

 east longitude, and extends from the Indus north of 26° N. lat. to nearly a degree to 

 the south. Other minor but nearly north-and-south ranges occur ; and the v?hole were 

 comprised by MM. d'Archiac and Haime under the title of the Hala range (a name 

 unknown to the natives). 



The following is the list of geological formations in Western Sind, and which are 

 to be recognized in one or other of the mountain-ranges * ; — 



Group. 



Subdivisions. 



Approximate 

 Thickness. 



Age. 



Remarks. 



Alluvial 

 Mancheae 



GIj 



Naki 



Khiethak 

 Eanikot . . 



Teap 



Ceeiaceotts . 



Tipper 



Lower 



Upper 



Lovrer 



Tipper 



Lovrer 



Oardita Beaumonti 



beds. 



Sandstones 



Limestones with 



Hippurites. 



feet. 

 ? 



5000 " 



3000-5000 . . 



1000-1500 . . 



4000-6000 . . 



100-1600 . . 



500-3000 . . 



6000 ? 



2000 



40-90 



360-450 .... 



700 



320. 



Post-Tertiary. 



Pliocene. 



Old Pliocene or Tipper 



Miocene. 

 Miocene 



Oligocene. 



■■■;: { 



Nummulitic 



Lower Nummulitic . . 



Deccan Trap. 

 Transition beds 



Cretaceous 



Tlnfossiliferous. 

 Vertebrate remains. 



Coralliferous ; no Num- 



mulites. 

 TInfossOiferous. 



CoraUiferous, with Num- 

 mulites garansensis. 



Nummulitic limestone. 



Tlnfossiliferous. 



Fossiliferous. Corals and 

 Nummulites. 



Fossiliferous. 



Horizon not determined. 



Explanatory Sections. — In the Laki range, south-west of Amri on the Indus, 

 are dark-coloured hills, which contrast with the cliffs of grey and white Nummulitic 

 limestone behind them. A section close to the hill called Barrah, is given by W. T. 

 Blanford, F.R.S. ; and it shows that the range consists of three parallel ridges (see 

 fig. 1, p. 6). 



The outer, to the east, is composed of Tertiary rocks ; while the intermediate one 

 consists of Cretaceous beds, faulted to the eastward against the Lower Eocene strata, 

 and dipping under them to the westward. 



This section shows the normal sequence of the groups of strata from the Cretaceous 

 to the Khirthar inclusive. Above the Nummulitic limestone of this last group, the 

 Nari and Gaj series are wanting, and the Manchhar succeeds f . 



On the Gaj river, in the Khirthar range, W. T. Blanford remarks that a thick- 

 ness of at least 25,000 feet of strata is exposed (see fig. 2, p. 6). The succession from 

 west to east is : — unfossiliferous strata, probably of Cretaceous age, followed by Khirthar 



* From the Memoir by Blanford, p. 32, slightly modified, 

 t Memoirs Geol. Survey of India, vol. xvii. pt. 1, p. 131. 



b2 



