72 THE TEETIAEY FOSSIL ECHINOIDEA 



Illustrations of the Species in Plate VI. 



Fig. 8. The test, abactinal view : natural size. 



9. The test, actinal view : natural size. 



10. Anterior ambulacrum : magnified. 



11. Distal end of an antero-lateral ambulacrum : magnified. 



12. Tubercles : magnified. 



This species is common in Kattywar, in the Miocene series, and is the commonest 

 Spatangoid in the Gaj series (Miocene) of Sind. It will be noticed amongst the collec-_ 

 tion from those localities. 



VII. Bemarks on the Faunas. Nummulitic Species of Kachh. 



The variety of the species Arachniopleurus reticulatus, nobis, which was described 

 and figured in our work on the Fossil Echinoidea of Western Sind, is almost 

 worthy of being called a new species, were it not evident that all the species of 

 Temnopleuridse with the raised ribbing of the plates vary in this ornamentation during 

 growth and individually. The form links together the faunas of the Nummulitic 

 series of Kachh and Sind, although no other Eanikot species is distinguishable in the 

 higher horizon of Kachh whence the fossil was derived. Clearly the Eanikot series 

 of Sind is below th'e main Nummulitic limestone, to which the lowest marine fos- 

 siliferous Tertiary beds of Kachh belong. The affinities of the genus with Glypho- 

 cyphus, Dictyopleurus, and the false TemnopleuridsB, or those without true pits*, are 

 evident, and also with Paradoxechinus, Laube, of the Australian Tertiaries. No other 

 member of this or of the true Temnopleuroid group is as yet known from the Num- 

 mulitic series of Kachh. 



The species of Clypeaster is at once known by its very open ambulacra and receding 

 terminal part of the poriferous zones. The needle-pillars are visible at a fractured 

 spot, and there is no doubt about the genus. It is the earliest example of the genus 

 in the Indian Nummulitic. 



We have enlarged upon the genus Amblypygus in describing the two well-marked 

 species from Kachh. The position of the anus, the oblique peristome, the intercalated 

 ambulacral plates, and the double series of pores, which is continued over the margin 

 to well within the peristome, are generic and characteristic. The modern genus Echi- 

 noneus is closely allied, and the nature of the interradial plates around the peristome 

 is the same in both genera, and were it not for the presence of a remarkable 

 tuberculation, should come under the genus Amblypygus. The Kachh forms do not 

 resemble those of Sind f , although the alliance is closer than with the species described 

 by de Loriol from Egypt. The great height in relation to length and the pentagonal 

 outline are distincti\e and characterize the Kachh form. 



* Duncan, " Morphology of TemnopleuridsB," Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvi. p. 343. 

 t Khirthar series. 



