204 PEiNCIPLE& OF PLANT-TEEAl'OLOGy. 



the two. In proliferated flowers of the rose the carpels 

 of the lowermost of the two flowers so-formed were 

 becoming gradually transformed into sepals to form the 

 calyx of the second flower above ; from being small, 

 colourless, infolded, and inferior, they became green, 

 expanded, enlarged, and superior, and were immediately 

 succeeded above by the corolla of the second flower. 

 In a case like this the one flower merges gradually into 

 the othei", the whole forming, as it were, one continuous, 

 single flower, so that transitional forms exist between 

 the carpels of the lower and the sepals of the higher. 



In the " rogue " roses previously described, in which 

 the flower had split into a number of separate inverted 

 flowers, the carpels of the mother flower became 

 superior, green, and inversely orientated in order to 

 serve, in part, as calyx of the secondary flowers. 



A somewhat similar phenomenon to that of the 

 proliferated rose occurred in the foxglove, in which 

 the corolla of the second flower caused by proliferation 

 arose immediately above and within the opened ovary 

 whose component carpels were slightly changed to 

 act as calyx for the newly-formed flower. 



In each of these three cases just described we see 

 that the type of metamorphosis is in one way different 

 from any that has hitherto been spoken of, inasmuch 

 as the organ concerned becomes changed into a different 

 one, belonging not to the same, but to another flower, 

 and consequently in a direction the reverse of the 

 normal, viz., from below upwards (from without in- 

 wards). In these cases sepalody of the carpel is a 

 reversionary phenomenon inasmuch as the carpel be- 

 comes enlarged, virescent, and " superior " in position. 



3. Petalody. — A feature of many flowers in which ' 

 doubling assumes an extreme form, the carpels as well 

 as the stamens becoming affected. A peach-tree, 

 flowering in July for the second time in Kew Gardens, 

 had double flowers, all of which were proliferated, and 

 many of tlie outermost carpels were petaloid in part. 

 Also in proliferated flowers of Arabis albida both 



